Volume 1
A dictionary of the English language: in which the words are deduced from their originals, and illustrated in their different significations by examples from the best writers. To which are prefixed, a history of the language, and an English grammar / by Samuel Johnson.
- Samuel Johnson
- Date:
- 1755
Licence: Public Domain Mark
Credit: A dictionary of the English language: in which the words are deduced from their originals, and illustrated in their different significations by examples from the best writers. To which are prefixed, a history of the language, and an English grammar / by Samuel Johnson. Source: Wellcome Collection.
1160/1176
![Me Wears his honour in a box, unfeen, That hugs his kickfy-wickfey here at home, Spending his manly marrow in her arms. Shakefpcare. Kid. n.f. [kid, Danilh.] 1. The young of a goat. Leaping like wanton kids in pleafant fpring. Fa. Queen. There was a herd of goats with their young ones, upon which fight fir Richard Graham tells, he would fnap one of the kids, and carry him clofe to their lodging. Wotton. Sporting the lion ramp’d, and in his paw Dandled the kid. Milton. So kids and whelps their fires and dams exprefs; And fo the great I meafur’d by the lefs. Dryden’s Virgil. 2. [From cidvjlen, Wellh, a faggot.] A bundle of heath or furze. To Kid. v. a. [from the noun ] To bring forth kids. Ki'ddfr. n.f. An ingroffer of corn to enhance its price. Ainf. To KIDNA'P. v. a. [from kind, Dutch, a child, and nap.] To Real children ; to fleal human beings. Kidna'pper. n.f. [from kidnap.] One who Reals human beings. The man compounded with the merchant, upon condition that he might have his child again ; for he had fmelt it out, that the merchant himfelf was the kidnapper. L'EJlrange. Thefe people lye in wait for our children, and may be con- fidered as a kind of kidnappers within the law. Speblator. KI'DNEY. n.f. [Etymology unknown.] 1. Thefe are two in number, one on each fide: they have the fame figure as kidneybeans: their length is four or five fingers, their breadth three, and their thicknefs two: the right is un¬ der the liver, and the left under the fpleen. The ufe of the kidneys is to feparate the urine from the blood, which, by the motion of the heart and arteries, is thruft into the emulgent branches, which carry it to the. little glands, by which the ferofity being feparated, is received by the orifice of the little tubes, which go from the glands to the pelvis, and from thence it runs by the ureters into the bladder. Quincy. A youth laboured under a complication of difeafes, from his mefentery and kidneys. Wifeman s Surgery. 2. Race; kind: in ludicrous language. Think of that, a man of my kidney; think of that, that am as fubjeCl to heat as butter ; a man of continual diffolution and thaw. Shakefp. Merry Wives of Windfr. There are millions in the world of this man’s kidney, that take Up the fame refolution without noife. L'Ejlrange. Ki'dneybean. n.f [fo named from its fhape.] It hath a papilionaceous flovyer, out of whofe empalement rifes the pointal, which becomes a long pod, inclofing feveral feeds, which are (haped almoft like a kidney . it has pinnated leaves, confifting of an unequal number of lobes. Miller. Kidneybeans are a fort of cod ware, that are very pleafant wholefome food. Mortimer's Husbandry. Ki dneyvetch. 7 j- Plants. Ainfworth. Kidneywort. S j j Ki'lderkin. n.f. [kindekin, a baby, Dutch.] A fmall barrel. Make in the kilderkin a great bung-hole of purpofe. Bacon. A tun of man in thy large bulk is writ; But fure thou’rt but a kilderkin of wit. Dryden. To KILL. v. a. [Anciently To quell; cpellan, Saxon; kelen, Dutch ] 1. To deprive of life; to put to death as an agent. Dar’ft thou refolve to kill a friend of mine ? —Pleafe you, I’d rather kill two enemies. Shakef R. III. Ye have brought us forth into this wildernefs, to kill this whole affembly with hunger. Ex. xvi. 3. There was killing of young and old, making away of men, women, and children. 2 Mac. v. 13. 2. To deftroy animals for food. We’re mere ufurpers, tyrants, and what’s worfe, To fright the animals, and to kill them up In their aflign’d and native dwelling place. Shakefpeare. Thou fhalt kill of thy herd, and of thy flock. Deutr. xii. Shall I take my bread, and my flefh that I have killed for my (hearers? 1 Sa. xxv. 11. 3. To deprive of life as a caufe or inftrument. The medicines which go to the magical ointments, if they were ufed inwards, would kill thofe that ufe them; and there¬ fore they work potently, though outwards. Bacon. 4. To deprive of vegetative or other motion, or active qualities. Try with oil, or barm of drink, fo they be fuch things as kill not the bough. Bacon's Natural Hijiory. Catharticks of mercurials mix with all animal acids, as ap¬ pears by killing it with fpittle. Floyer on the Humours. Ki'ller. n.f [from kill.] One that deprives of life. What forrow, what amazement, what (hame was in Am- phialus, when he faw his dear fofter-father find him the killer of his only fon ! Sidney. Wilt thou for the old lion hunt, or fill Plis hungry whelps ? and for the killer kill, When couch’d in dreadful dens ? Sandys. So rude a time, When love was held fo capital a crime. That a crown’d head could no compaffion find. But dy’d, becaufe the killer had been kind. Waller. Ki'llow. n.f. [This feems a corruption of coal and low, a flame, as foot is thereby produced.] An earth of a blackifli or deep blue colour, and doubtlefs had its name from kollow, by which name, in the North, the frnut or grime on the backs of chimneys is called. Woodward. KILN, n.f [cyln, Saxon] A (love; a fabrick formed for admitting heat, in order to dry or burn things contained in it. What (hall I do ? I’ll creep up into the chimney.-- There they always ufe to dilcharge their birding-pieces: creep into the kiln hole. Shakefp. Merry Wives of Windfr. After the putting forth in fprouts, and the drying upon the kiln, there will be gained a bulhcl in eight of malt. Bacon. Phyficians chufe lime which is newly drawn out of the kiln, and not flacked. Moxon's Mech. Exer. To Ki'lndry. v. a. [kiln and dry.] To dry by means of a kiln. The heft way is to kilndry them. Mortimer's Husbandry. Kilt for killed. - Spenfer. Ki'mbO. adj. [a fchembo, Italian.] Crooked; bent; arched. The kimbo handles feem with bears-foot carv’d, And never yet to table have been ferv’d. Dryden s Virgil. He obferved them edging towards one another to whifper; fo that John was forced to fit with his arms a kimbo, to keep them afunder. Arbuthnot's Hifory of John Bull, v Kin. n.f. [cynne, Saxon ] 1. Relation either of confanguinity or affinity. You muft ufe them with fit refpeds, according to the bonds of nature; but you are of kin, and fo a friend to their per- fons, not to their errours. Bacon’s Advice to Villiers. Th’ unhappy Palamon, Whom Thefeus holds in bonds, and will not free. Without a crime, except his kin to me. Dryden. 2. Relatives; thofe who are of the fame race. Tumultuous wars Shall kin with kin, and kind with kind confound. Shakefp. The father, mother, and the kin befide, Were overborn by fury of the tide. Dryden. 3. A relation ; one related. Then is the foul from God ; fo pagans fay. Which faw by nature’s light her heavenly kind. Naming her kin to God, and God’s bright ray, A citizen of heav’n, to earth confin’d. Davies. 4. The fame generical clafs, though perhaps not the fame fpe- cies; thing related. The burft. And the ear-deaf’ning voice of the oracle, Kin to Jove’s thunder, fo furpriz’d myfenfe. That I was nothing. Shakefp. Winter's Tale. The odour of the fixed nitre is very languid; but that which it difeovers, being diffolved in a little hot water, is altogether differing from the (link of the other, being of kin to that of other alcalizate falts. Boyle. 5. A diminutive termination from kind, a child, Dutch: as, ma¬ nikin, minikin. KIND. adj. [from cynne, relation, Saxon.] 1. Benevolent; filled with general good-will. By the kind gods, ’tis mod ignobly done To pluck me by the beard. Shak. King Lear. Some of the ancients, like kind hearted men, have talked much of annual refrigeriums, or intervals of punifhment to the damned, as particularly on the great feftivals of the refur- rection and afeenfion. South’s Sermons. 2. Favourable; beneficent. He is kind to the unthankful and evil. Lu. vi. 35. Kind. n.f. [cynne, Saxon.] 1. Race; generical clafs. Kind in Teutonick Englifh anfwers to genus, and fort to fpecies; though this diftin&ion, in popular language, is not always obferved. Thus far we have endeavoured in part to open of what na¬ ture and force laws are, according to their kinds. Hooker. As when the total kind Of birds, in orderly array on wing, Came fummon’d over Eden, to receive Their names of Thee. Milt in s Farad. Lojl, b. vi. That both are animalia, I grant; but not rationalia; For though they do agree in kind, Specifick difference we find. Hudibras, p. i. God and nature do not principally concern themfelves in the prefervation of particulars, but of kinds and companies. South's Sermons. He with his wife were only left behind Of perifh’d man ; they two were human kind. Dryden. I inftance fome a£b> of virtue common to Heathens and Chriftians; but I fuppofe them to be performed by Chriftians, after a more fublime manner than ever they were among the Heathens; and even when they do not differ in kind from moral virtues, yet differ in the degrees of perfection. Attcrb. He,](https://iiif.wellcomecollection.org/image/b30451541_0001_1161.jp2/full/800%2C/0/default.jpg)
