Volume 1
A dictionary of the English language: in which the words are deduced from their originals, and illustrated in their different significations by examples from the best writers. To which are prefixed, a history of the language, and an English grammar / by Samuel Johnson.
- Samuel Johnson
- Date:
- 1755
Licence: Public Domain Mark
Credit: A dictionary of the English language: in which the words are deduced from their originals, and illustrated in their different significations by examples from the best writers. To which are prefixed, a history of the language, and an English grammar / by Samuel Johnson. Source: Wellcome Collection.
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![* A B J 4. To continue in the fame ftatc. The fear of the Lord tendcth to life; and he that hath it {hail abide fatisfied. Prov. xix. 23. Thofe who apply thcmfelves to learning;, are forced to ac¬ knowledge one God, incorruptible and unbegotten ; who is the only true being, and abides for ever above the highefl heavens, from whence he beholds all the things that are done in heaven and earth. Stillingf Defence of DiJ'c. on Rom. ldolat. There can be no lludy without time ; and the mind muff abide and dwell upon things, or be always a flranger to the in- fide of them. South. 5. To wait for, expect, attend, wait upon, await; ufed of things prepared for perfons, as well as of perfons expeiling things. Horn.’ is he brought, and laid in fumptuous.bed. Where many fkilful leeches him abide, To falve his hurts. Fairy Queeny b. i. cant. $.Jlanz. 17. While lions war, and battle for their dens. Poor harmlefs lambs abide their znmity,Shakefp.HenNl. p.-^. Bonds and afflictions abide me. Adis xx. 23. 6. To bear or fupport the confequences of a thing. Ah me ! they little know How dearly I abide that boaft fo vain. Milton's Par. Lojl, b. iv. /. 8 7. 7. To bear or fupport, without being conquered or deftroyed. But the Lord he is the true God, he is the living God, ajid an everlafting king : At his wrath the earth (hall tremble, and the nations fhall not be able to abide his indignation. Jer. x. 1 c. It mult be allowed a fair prefumption in favour of the truth of my doilrines, that they have abid a very rigorous teft now for above thirty years, hand yet firm; and the longer and more ftriitly they are look’d into, the more they are confirmed to this very day. Woodward, Letter i. 8. To bear without averfion; in which fenfe it is commonly ufed with a negative. Thou can’ll not abide Tiridates 5 this is but love of thy- Llf. Sidney, b. ii. Thy vile race. Though thou didfl learn, had that in’t, which good natures Could not abide to be with ; therefore waft thou Defervedly confin’d into this rock. Shakefp. Tempejl. 9. To bear or fuffer. That chief (rejoin’d the God) his race derives From Ithaca, and wond’rous woes furvives; Laertes’ fon: girt with circumfluous tides He ftill calamitous conftraint abides. Pope's Odyff. bM. I.750. t o. It is ufed with the particle with before a perfon, and at or in before a place. It is better that I give her to thee, than that I fhould give her to another man : Abide with me. Gen. xxix. 19. For thy fervant vowed a vow, while I abode at Gefhur in Syria, faying, if the Lord fhall bring me again indeed to Je- rufalem, then I will ferve the Lord. 2 Sam. xv. 8. 11. It is ufed with by before a thing; as, to abide by his tefti- mony ; to abide by his own fkill; that is, to rely upon them; to abide by an opinion ; to maintain it; to abide by a man, is alfo, to defend or fupport him. But thefe forms are fomething low. Of the participle abid, I have found only the example in Woodward. Abi'der. n. f [from abide.] The perfon that abides or dwells in a place; perhaps that lives or endures. A word little in ufe. Abi'ding. n.f [from abide.] Continuance. We are ftrangers before thee and fojourners, as were all our fathers : our days on the earth are as a {hadow, and there is none abiding. 1 Chron. xxix. 1 5. The air in that region is fo violently removed, and carried about with fuch fwiftnefs, as nothing in that place can confift or have abiding. Rawleigh's Hiftory of the World. A'BJECT. adj. [abjedlus, Lat. thrown away as of no value.] 1. Mean, or worthless, fpoken of perfons. That rebellion Came like itfelf in bafe and abjedl routs. Led on by bloody youth goaded with rage, And countenanc d by boys and beggary. Shakefp. Hen. IV. Honeft men, who tell their fovereigns what they expeit from them, and what obedience they fhall be always ready to pay them, are not upon an equal foot with fuch bafe and abjedl flatterers ; and are therefore always in danger of being the laft in the royal favour. Addifon's Whig Examiner. 2. Contemptible, or of no value ; ufed of things. I was at firft, as other beafts that graze The troden herb, of abjedl thoughts and low. Milt. Paradife Lojl, b. ix. /. 571. 3. Without hope or regard ; ufed of condition. The rarer thy example ftands, By how much from the top of wond’rous glory, Strongefl of mortal men, , To loweft pitch of abjedt fortune thou art fall’n. Milton's Samfon Agonijles. We fee man and woman in the highefl innocence and perfection, and in the molt abjedl ftatc of guilt and infirmity. Addifon. Spedlator, N° 273. VOL. I, A B J 4. Deftitutc, mean and defpicable ; ufed of actions. 1 o what bafe ends, and by what abjedl ways. Are mortals urg’d thro’ facred lull of praife ? Pope's EJfay on Griticifm, The rapine is fo abjedl and profane, *1 hey' not from trifles, nor from gods refrain. f Dry den's Juvenal, Sat. 8. Abject, n.f A man without hope; a man whofe miferies are irretrievable. But in mine adverfity they rejoiced, and gathered them- felves together : yea, the abjedls gathered themfelves together againft me, and I knew it not; they did tear me, and ceafed not> Pfalm xxxv. 15. ToAbje'ct. v. a. [abjicio, Lat.] To throw away. A word rarely ufed. Abje'ctedness. n.f [from abjedl.] The ftatc of an abject. He would love at no lefs rate than death ; and* from the fu- pereminent height of glory, flooped and abafed himfelf to the fuflerance of the extremeft of indignities, and funk himfelf to the bottom of abjedlednefs, to exalt our condition to the con¬ trary extreme. Boyle's Works. Abjection, n.f. [from abjedl.] Meannefs of mind; want of fpirit; fervility ; bafenefs. t hat this fhould be termed bafenefs, abjedlion of mind, or fervility, is it credible ? Flooker, b. v. § 47. Now the juft medium of this cafe lies betwixt the pride and the abjedlion, the two extremes. L'Ejlrange. A'bjectly. adv. [from abjedl.'] In an abjedl manner, meanly, bafely, fervilely, contemptibly. A'bjectness. n. f. [from abjedl.] The fame with abjection ; fervility, meannefs. Servility and abjedlnefs of humour is implicitely involved in the charge of lying; the condefcending to that, being a mark of a difingenuous fpirit. Government of the Tongue, § 8. By humility I mean not the abjedlnefs of a bafe mind : but a prudent care not to over-value ourfelves upon any account. Crew's Cofnologia Sacra, b. ii. c. 7, Abi'i.ity. n.f. [Habilete, Fr.] 1. The power to do any thing, whether depending upon fkill, car riches, or ftrength, or any other quality. Of finging thou haft got the reputation, Good Thyrfts, mine I yield to thy ability; My heart doth feek another eftimation. Sidney, b. i. If aught in my ability may ferve To heighten what thou fuffer’ft, and appeafe Thy mir.d with what amends is in my pow’r. Milton s Sampfon Agonijles, l. 744. They gave after their ability unto the treafure of the work. Ezra ii. 69, If any man minifter, let him do it as of the ability which God giveth: that God in all things may be glorified through Jefus Chrift. 1 Pet. iv. 11. 2. Capacity. Children in whom there was ho blemifh, but well-favoured, and fkilful in all wifdom, and cunning in knowledge, and un- derftanding fcience, and fuch as had ability in them to lland in the king’s palace. Dan. i. 4. 3. When it has the plural number, abilities, it frequently fignifies the faculties or powers of the mind, and lometimes the force of underftanding given by nature, as diftinguifhed from acquired qualifications. Wherever we find our abilities too weak for the performance, he allures us of the affiftance of his holy fpirit. Rogers's Sermons. Whether it may be thought neceffary, that in certain trails of country, like what we call parifhes, there fhould be one man, at leaft, of abilities to read and write ? Swift's Arguments againft abolijhing Chrijlianity. Abinte'state. adj. [of ab, from, and intejlatus, Lat.] A term of law, implying him that inherits from a man, who, though he had the power to make a will,yet did not make it. To ATjugate. v. a. \_abjugo, Lat.] To unyoke, to un¬ couple. Didi. To AB JUTE. v. a. [abjuro, Lat.] 1. To call off upon oath, to fwearnot to do fomething. Either to die the death, or to abjure For ever the fociety of man. Shakefp.Midfum. Night's Dream. No man, therefore, that hath not abjured his reafon, and fworn allegiance to a preconceived fantaftical hypothefis, can undertake the defence of fuch a fuppofition. Hale's Origin of Mankind. 2. To retrail, or recant, or abnegate ; a pofition upon oath. Abjura'tion. n. f. [from abjure.] The ail of abjuring. The oath taken for that end. Until Henry VIII. his time, if a man, hiving committed felony, could go into a church or church-yard, before he were apprehended, he might not be taken from thence to the ufual trial of law, but confefling his fault to the juftices, or to the coroner, gave his oath to forfake the realm for ever, which was called abjuration. There are fome abjurations ftill in force among us here in England ; as, by the ftatute of the 25th of king Charles II. all perfons that are admitted into any office, civil or military, C muff](https://iiif.wellcomecollection.org/image/b30451541_0001_0068.jp2/full/800%2C/0/default.jpg)
