The natural history and epidemiology of cholera : being the annual oration of the Medical Society of London, May 7, 1888 / by J. Fayrer.
- Joseph Fayrer
- Date:
- 1888
Licence: Public Domain Mark
Credit: The natural history and epidemiology of cholera : being the annual oration of the Medical Society of London, May 7, 1888 / by J. Fayrer. Source: Wellcome Collection.
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![32 / 4 mention it under the name of Ho-louan ; Hippocrates speaks of it as xo\epr], Ionic form of '%6\epa> from %o\?7, bile, and pota, flux, or perhaps the gutter of a house.* He gives descriptions of certain cases and alludes to seasonal prevalence, but does not refer to it as an epi- demic. Like the Chinese he speaks of two forms, the wet and the dry. The Arabic names, “ YVubba ” and “ Taoun,” though applied to cholera, also mean pestilence, whilst “ Haiza,” the term used by Rhazes, Avicenna and Aver- rhoes,* is that in common use in India at the present day. There are various names for cholera in the East, most of them, significant of the characteristic symptoms. Cholera is mentioned by Celsus, Aurelianus, Aretaeus of Cappadocia, Paulus Aegineta, Alexander of Tralles; by Arab writers, Rhazes, Avicenna, Averrhoes, by Ali Ben Hossein of Bokhara (1364), and Mahmud Ishah.* Bernard Gorden, John of Gaddesden, Raphael of Volterra and others mention cholera as a well-known disease in Europe, but the 13th, 14th and 15th centuries furnish little informa- tion on the subject.* In Elliott’s “ History of India,” a disease which may have been cholera is mentioned as occurring in 1325, but there is no other notice of it in India by Europeans before 1503.* In Europe, from early in the sixteenth cen- tury there are notices of epidemics of bowel affections and of what is called “ trousse-galant,” which appeared in England and France in 1545. In 1564 an epidemic of cholera occurred at Nismes; in 1643 and 1665 in Ghent, as described by Van der Heyden.* Piso says cholera was severe in Brazil in 1658;* Sydenham writes of an epidemic of cholera in London in 1669-82.-)* Dr. Macpherson, the learned historian of cholera, says it was present in various parts of Europe in a mild epidemic form during the eighteenth century, dying away towards the end and remain- ing quiet during the first years of the present century.* Outbreaks seem then to have been less severe, but the records of disease were very imperfect in those days. Sir J. Pringle describes it as prevailing in the Low Countries, about Ghent, towards the end of the eighteenth century. Dr. Short speaks of an epidemic in England in 1726. In 1722-23-24 it was in North Germany; in 1736 at Nimeguen ; * Macpherson. “Annals of Cholera.” f SydennanVs Works, translated by Swan, page 133.](https://iiif.wellcomecollection.org/image/b28710393_0006.jp2/full/800%2C/0/default.jpg)
