Medicines, their uses and mode of administration : including a complete conspectus of the three British pharmacopoeias, an account of all the new remedies, and an appendix of formulae / by J. Moore Neligan.
- John Neligan
- Date:
- 1849
Licence: Public Domain Mark
Credit: Medicines, their uses and mode of administration : including a complete conspectus of the three British pharmacopoeias, an account of all the new remedies, and an appendix of formulae / by J. Moore Neligan. Source: Wellcome Collection.
Provider: This material has been provided by the National Library of Medicine (U.S.), through the Medical Heritage Library. The original may be consulted at the National Library of Medicine (U.S.)
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![pour the water upon it in an earthen or iron vessel; then cover the ves- sel and set aside till the lime falls into powder and becomes cold. Mix this thoroughly, with the muriate of ammonia in a mortar, and imme- diately introduce the mixture into a glass retort. Place the retort upon a sand bath, and adapt to it a receiver, previously connected, by means of a glass tube, with a quart bottle containing the distilled water. Then apply heat, to be gradually increased till the bottom of the iron vessel containing the sand becomes red hot; and continue the process so long as ammonia comes over. Remove the liquor contained in the quart bottle, and for every f§, add 13iijss. of distilled water, or so much as may be necessary to raise its sp. gr. to 0 96. Keep the solution in small bottles well stopped.] Dub. Muriate of am- monia, in powder, 3 parts; recently burnt lime, 2 parts ; water, 10 parts ; sprinkle one part of hot water on the quick-lime put into an earthen vessel and cover it; dissolve the salt in the remainder of the hot water; put the lime,when it has fallen into powder and become cool, into a retort, and.add the saline liquor, when cold, to it; with a medium heat distil five parts into a refrigerated receiver. Lond- Hydrochlorate of ammonia, §x.; lime, §viij. ; water, Oij.; put the lime slaked with water into a retort, then add the salt broken into small pieces, and the remainder of the water; let f§xv. djstil. Edin. Sal-ammoniac, §xiij. ; quick-lime, §xiij. ; water, f§viiss.; distilled water, f^xij. ; slake the lime with the water; cover it up till it cools; triturate it well and quickly, with the sal-ammoniac previously in fine powder; and put the mixture into a glass retort, to which is fitted a re- ceiver with a safety tube. Connect with the receiver a bottle also provided with a safety tube, and containing f§iv. of the distilled water, but capable of holding twice as much. Connect this bottle with another loosely corked, and containing the remaining i§viij. of the distilled water. The com- municating tubes must descend to the bottom of the bottles at the far- ther end from the retort; and the bottles and receiver must be kept cool by snow, ice, or a running stream of very cold water. Apply to the retort a gradually increasing heat till gas ceases to be evolved ; remove the retort, cork up the aperture in the receiver where it was connected with the retort, and apply to the receiver a gentle and gradually increasing heat, to drive over as much of the gas in the fluid contained ip. it, but as little of the water as possible. Should the liquid in the last bottle not have a density of 960, reduce it with some of the strong ammonia in the first bottle, or raise it with distilled water so as to form aqua ammonia? of the prescribed density. The strong aqua ammoniae in the first bottle may be reduced to form the weaker solution, by diluting it with two parts and a half of water. Physical Properties.—A colorless limpid liquid, with a pungent ammoniacal odour, and a very acrid alkaline taste. The sp. gr. varies with the strength of the preparation ; that of Dublin is directed to be •950, that of [U. S.] London and Edinburgh -960. Chemical Properties.—A solution of gaseous ammonia in water ; Ammonia is composed of N. H3. ; or of 1 eq. of amidogene, and 1 of hydrogen, (Kane.) At 32°F. water may be made to absorb 780 times its volume of the gas ; the solution of the Dub. Phar. contains 10-5 per cent, that of Lond. and Edin. 83. per cent of ammonia% It neutralizes acids with which it forms salts ; gives a brown color to lit- mus paper, which is only temporary ; and forms dense white fumes with the vapor of muriatic acid. Exposed to the air part of the gas rapidly escapes, in consequence of its volatility, while the remainder, absorbing carbonic acid, is converted into carbonate of ammonia, which remains in solution. Cooled down to—40° a strong solution freezes into long silky needles, and at 50° it boils; the weak solu- tion of the pharmacopoeias boils at about 150°.](https://iiif.wellcomecollection.org/image/b21143602_0024.jp2/full/800%2C/0/default.jpg)
