Medicines, their uses and mode of administration : including a complete conspectus of the three British pharmacopoeias, an account of all the new remedies, and an appendix of formulae / by J. Moore Neligan.
- John Neligan
- Date:
- 1849
Licence: Public Domain Mark
Credit: Medicines, their uses and mode of administration : including a complete conspectus of the three British pharmacopoeias, an account of all the new remedies, and an appendix of formulae / by J. Moore Neligan. Source: Wellcome Collection.
Provider: This material has been provided by the National Library of Medicine (U.S.), through the Medical Heritage Library. The original may be consulted at the National Library of Medicine (U.S.)
71/504
![(vapour-bath, E.), to a proper consistence/') Not much used ; it be- comes so hard by keeping, that pills made of it pass through the bow- els unchanged. Dose, gr. x. to gr. xxx. Incompatibles.—The mineral acids ; acetic acid ; lime water ; tartar emetic ; sulphates and acetates. Kino, [U. S.] D. L. E. Kino; [An extract obtained from an un- known plant, U. S.] Extract of Pterocarpus erinaceus, L. Concrete exudation of Pterocarpus erinaceus, and of other undetermined genera and species, E. Various substances have been known in commerce and described as kino ; in consequence of which, both the botanical source and the part of the world from whence it was obtained, were for a long time wrapped in much obscurity. In the present day near- ly all that is imported is brought from Bombay, a very small quantity only being obtained from the coast of Africa, from whence, however, it was originally altogether procured. The former, East India Kino, is the product of the Pterocarpus marsupium, a native of the Malabar coast, belonging to the Natural family Leguminosce (Fabacece, Lind- ley,) and to the Linnaean class and order Diadelphia Decandria. The latter, African Kino, is obtained from the Pterocarpus erinaceus, a native of Gambia and Senegal. Botany Bay Kino, also sometimes met wiih, is the inspissated juice of the Eucalyptus resinefera. a na- tive of Australia and Van Dieman's Land ; belonging to the Natural family Myrtacca. Botanical Characters.—Pterocarpus marsvpium. A lofty tree, with the ouier coat of the bark brown, the inner red, fibrous and astringent; Leaves, bil'ariou>, nlterna.e, leaflets, 5 7 alternate, elliptic, emargmatc; Piinicles, terminal ; Flowers, white, wiih a yellow tinge; Legumes, long- stalked ; Seed, so.itary, kidney-shaped.—Pleroca.rpus oinaceus. Leaflets, 11-15 alternate, ovate, oblong, obtuse or sub emar^inate; Flowers, yellow; Lesurm-n, orbicular, rr.embranous, undulaie at the ma'gin. Prkparation.— East Indian Kino is procured when the tree is in blos- som by making longitudinal incisions in ihe batk round the trunk of the tree so as 10 let the gum ooze down into a receiver, formed of a broad leaf, so placed and fixed in the bark as to prevent the gum from falling on the ground. From the leaf it is made to run into a receptacle placed under the leal to receive the gum. When this receptacle i> filled, it is removed, the gum is dried in the sun until it crumbles, and then filled into wooden boxes lor expoitation (Dr. Forbes Iloyle, Pharm. Journal, vol. v. p. 495.) African Kino is procured from incisions made into the trunk and branches of the tree, whence the juice exudes, and gradually concretes into brittle tears. Botany Bay Kino is obtained in a similar manner. Physical Properties.—Kino occurs in the form of small angular fragments or tears, none of them larger than a pea, opaque, glistening, and of a reddish-black colour. They are very brittle ; when chewed they adhere to the teeth, and give the saliva a blood-red colour. They are void of odour, but have an intensely astringent taste. Chemical Properties.—Kino is composed of 74 per cent of tan- nin and a peculiar extractive containing catechuic acid, 24 of red gum, and 1 of insoluble matter. It is only very partially soluble in cold or boiling, water ; but alcohol dissolves nearly two-thirds of it, and is therefore the best menstruum for its administration in medicine. Adulterations.—Other astringent substances, which bear a general resemblance to Kino, but are of inferior quality, are frequently sub- ■•», *](https://iiif.wellcomecollection.org/image/b21143602_0071.jp2/full/800%2C/0/default.jpg)
