Volume 1

A dictionary of Christian antiquities : being a continuation of the 'Dictionary of the Bible' / edited by William Smith and Samuel Cheetham ; illustrated by engravings on wood.

Date:: [between 1890 and 1899?]

Credit: A dictionary of Christian antiquities : being a continuation of the 'Dictionary of the Bible' / edited by William Smith and Samuel Cheetham ; illustrated by engravings on wood. Source: Wellcome Collection.

32/1096 (page 12)

$Un - de es tu? Quid est ho - mo? Quantas ha- be - o in - i -qui- ta-tes et pec - ca - ta ? “ To these are joyned verbes of asking; as, Iaske, I seeke, I require, I searche, I heare, I see, and the like.” Some variations too fi-ora the above, in the px’esent Roman use, are noticed by Mendelssohn : e. g. in the Gravis, where there the voice rises a tone above the dominant, on the penultimate, before falling :— changing the cadence from a fifth (compare 5) to a sixth ;* and in the Interrogaticus, where the voice falls from the dominant (also on the penul- timate) a third :— To the accentus belong the following forms, or portions of offices of the Latin Church (1) Tonus Collectarum seu Orationum. (2) Tonus Epistolaru/n et Evangelii, including the melodies to which the Passion is sung in Passion Week. (3) Tonus Lectionum solemnis et lugubris; Pro- phetiarurn et Martyrologii. (4) Various forms of Intonation, Benediction, and Absolution used in the Liturgy. (5) Single verses. (6) The Exclamations and Admonitions of the assistants at the altar. (7) The Prefaces; the Pater Noster, with its Prefaces; the Benediction, Pax Domini sit semper vobiscum. » [J. H.] ACCESS. 1. The approach of the priest to the altar for the celebration of the Eucharist. Hence the expression “ prayer of access ” is used as equivalent to the Evxh '’’VS irapacrrda-^cvs, or prayer of the priest’s presenting himself at the altar, in the Greek Liturgy of St. James (Neale’s Eastern Church, Introduction, i. 360). 2. But the expression “ prayer of access,” or ‘•prayer of humble access,” is more commonly used by English liturgical writers to designate a confession of unworthiness in the sight of God, occurring at a later point of the service; gene- rally between consecration and communion. So that the “ prayer of humble access ” corresponds to the “Prayer of Inclination” or “of bowing the neck ” in the Gi-eek Liturgies. Though words more expressive of “ humble access ” occur in other places; for instance, ’n the Greek St. Jameii, where the priest declares : tSou irpos- 7i\dov Tcp deio: rovTcp Kal eirovpav'icp pLvcTTTjp'Kp ovx u's &^ios virdpxo^t' (Daniel’s Codex Lit., iv. 88); in the IMozarabic, “ Accedam ad Te in humilitate spiritus mei ” (/6. i. 71); or in the “ Domine et Deus noster, ne aspicias ad multitu- dinem peccatorum nostrorum” in the Liturgy of Adaeus and Maris (/6. i. 176). Compare Cox- rKS.siox. ' [C.] ACCLAMATION. 1. A term applied by epigraphists to certain short inscriptions, ex- pressed in the second person, apd containing a p Reistbriefe aus den Jahrcn 1830 bis 1832, p. 167. 8 Rhau, Enchiridion, 1533 ; quoted by Arrey von Domuier; Koch’s Miuikcdisches JAxikon. wish or injunction; as, VIVAS IN DEO (Mura- tori, Thesaurus Vet. Inscrip. 1954, no. 4). By far the greater part of these acclamations are sepulchral [Epitaph], but similar sentences are also seen on amulets, on the bottoms of cups [Glass, Christian] found in the Catacombs, and on GEMS. (See the Articles.) 2. The term acclamation is also sometimes applied to the responsive cry or chant of the congregation in antiphonal singing. Compare Acrostic (§ 5); Antiphon. [C.] ACCUSERS, FALSE; HOW PUNISHED. —Those who made false accusations against any person were visited with severe punishments under the canons of several councils. In Spain. The Council of Illiberis (a.d. 305 or 306) refused communion even at the hour of death (“ in fine,” al. “ in finem ”) to any person who should falsely accuse any bishop, priest, or deacon (can. 75). In France. By the 14th canon of the 1st Council of Arles (a.d. 314) those who falsely accuse their brethren were excommunicated for life (“ usque ad exitum ”). This canon was re- enacted at the 2nd Council held at the same city (a.d. 443), but permission was given for the restoration of those who should do penance and give satisfaction commensurate with their offence (can. 24). See also Calumny. [I. B.] ACEPSIMAS, commemorated Nov. 3 (CaL Byzant.); Nov. 5 {Cal. Armen.'); April 22 {Mart. Pom.). [C.] ACERRA or ACERNA. (The latter is possibly the original form, from Acer, maple.) Acerra designated, in classical times, either the incense-box used in sacrifices; or a small altar, or incense-burner, placed before the dead. (Smith’s Diet, of Greek and Poman Antiquities, s. v.) And in ecclesiastical latinity also it designates either an incense-box or an incense-burner; “ Area thuris, vel thuribulum, vel thurarium.” (Papias in Ducange’s Glossary s. v. ‘ Acerna.’) It is used in the rubrics of the Gregorian sa- cramentary (Corbey MS.) in the office for the consecration of a church (p. 428); and in the office for the baptism of a bell (p. 438); in the latter in the form Acerna: “ tunc pones in- censum in acerna.” In both cases it designates an incense-burner or Thurible (q. v.). [C.] ACHAICUM CONCILIUM.—Two synods of Achaia, in Greece, are recorded : one, a.d. 250, , against the Valesians, who, like Origen, inter- I preted St. Matth. xix. 12, literally; the other, in 359, against the followers of Aetius. [A. W. H.] ACHILLEAS (or Achillas), bishop of Alex- andria, commemorated Nov. 7 {Martyrol. Pom. j Vet.). [C.] 1 ACHILLEUS, the eunuch, martyr at Rome, May 12, a.d. 96. {Martyrol. Pom. Vet., Hicr. I Bedae). [C.] j ACINDYNUS {'AkIv^vvos) and companions, .martyrs, A.D. 346, commemorated Nov. 2 {Cal. I Byz.). [C.] i ACEPHALI [Vagi Clerici ; Autoce- PHALl]. i ACLEENSE CONCILIUM (of Aclea = I “ Field of the Oak,” supposed to be Aycliffe, in j Durham ; Raine’s Priory of Hexham, i. 38, note), j (i.) A.D. 781 (Flor. Wig. in M. H. B. 545), but$