Volume 1

A text-book of human physiology : including histology and microscopical anatomy with special reference to the requirements of practical medicine / by L. Landois ; translated from the seventh German edition with additions by William Stirling.

  • Landois, L. (Leonard), 1837-1902. Lehrbuch der Physiologie des Menschen. English
Date:
1891
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: A text-book of human physiology : including histology and microscopical anatomy with special reference to the requirements of practical medicine / by L. Landois ; translated from the seventh German edition with additions by William Stirling. Source: Wellcome Collection.

    60/602 (page 20)
    CHANGES IN BLOOD-CORPUSCLES. IV. Elementary Granules. o, o 99 ,o ' ^ O^r-P O Fig. 18. Blood-corpuscles and blood-plates from normal human blood, {a) Red blood-corpuscles ; (&) colourless corpuscles ; (c) blood-plates. Blood contains elementary granules (fig. U, F), [i.e., the elementary particles of Zimmer- mann and Beale. They are irregular bodies, much smaller than the ordniary corpuscles, and appear to consist of masses of protoplasm detached from the surface of leucocytes, or derived from the dis- integration of these corpuscles or of the blood-plates. Others, again, are com- S'^ ^ ^-^(yiä ^ n Pletely spherical granules, either consist- , o Q g hk ii^g of some proteid substance or fatty ni ^ ' ' ' their nature. The protoplasmic and_ the proteid granules disappear on the addition of acetic acid, while the fatty granules (which are most nimierous after a diet rich in fats) dissolve in ether.] Y. In coagulated blood, delicate threads of fibrin (figs. 14, E, and 17, 6, 7, 8) are seen, more especially after the corpus- cles have run into rouleaux. At the nodes of these fibres are found granules which closely resemble those described under III. [When the blood-forming process is particularly active, as after repeated haemorrhages Nucleated coloured corpuscles or the corpuscles of Neumanu are ^«^^^^imes onnd n the blood. They are identical with the nucleated coloured blood-corpuscles of the toetus, being somewhat larger than the non-nucleated coloured corpuscle (§ 7).] 10 ABNORMAL CHANGES OF THE BLOOD-COEPUSCLES.-(l) Haemorrhages diminish the number of red corpuscles (at most one-half), and so does naenstruataon^^ .^that'a is Dartlv covered by the absorption of fluid from the tissues. Meustruation shows us that a Tols of rel corpusclesl replaced within twenty-eight days, ^hen a large a^^^^^^^^ blood is lost so that all the vital processes are lowered, the time may be extended to hve weeks, iracute fevers, as the tempeilture increases, the number of red while the wMte corpuscles increase in number. By greatly cooling F^^Pj^^;^, P^f^^^^^^^^^^^ as by keeping the hands in iced water, in some individua s possessing red ood-coipuscles o low resisting power, these corpuscles are dissolved, the blood-plasma is reddened, and even ''''^i^V!:ZSS^-reä corpuscles causes a decrease, since ^lood.orp^^^ continually being used up. In chlorotic females there seems to be a congenital weakness m the bCd Sng afd bloodVopelling apparatus, the cause of which is to l^e sough for m som faulty condition of the mesoblast. In them the heart and the blood-vessels are small, and the absolutTnumber of corpuscles may be diminished one-half, although - «^^^ ^ retained while in the corpuscles themselves the hfemoglobm is diminished almost one-thud , but t rTse aga n after the administration of iron (^a^.m). The administration the amount of hemoglobin in the blood. [The action of hon in anaemic perso^^^^^^^^^ since the time of Sydenham. Hayem also finds m certain forms of anaemia that theie is con d rab e variation in the size of the id corpuscles, and that in chronic anaemia the mean diameter of the corpS^ is always less than no/mal (7 ^ to 6 m) There ^\-'ZZ2:jr^tZ alteration in the volume, colouring potver, and consistence of the corpuscles ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ of accord between the number of the corpuscles and their c?lourmg power the amount ot haemoglobin which they contain. In pernicious anaemia, m which the continued decrease in the red corpuscles may ultimately produce death, there is ^^^^oubtedly a seveie a^^^^ the blood-forming apparatus. The corpuscles assume many abnormal and bizarre toim^, otten b ngovtlorLlfd,^^^^^^^ ing blood-corpuscles are found in the marrow of bone. In this disease, ^l^^^^^^^^^.^fhan ^ puscles are diminished in number, some may be larger and contain 5f o^«.^ corpuscles. The number of coloured corpuscles is also diminished m chionic poisonmg by lead or miasmata, and also by the poison of syphilis.] ^ ^ (2) The size of the corpuscles varies in disease from 2-9-12-9 fi (mean 6«Jfj ' ™ coipuscles-' or microcytes (6 ^ and less) are regarded as young foi;ms, and occm plent^^^^^^ nea?ly all cases of anemia. Giant blood-corpuscles ' or macrocytes ( 0 ^ an^^^^^^ stant in pernicious anemia, and sometimes in leukemia, chlorosis, and hvei cinhosis {(.7am).