Johnson's family physician : from the ablest medical authorities, giving numerous and dangerous diseases to which the human race is subject, the symptoms and treatment, or what is necessary to be done in an emergency for the patient before the physician arrives, thereby alleviating suffering and often saving life / by E. Darwin Hudson, with articles from the most eminent physicians, among whom are Willard Parker [and others].
- Hudson, E. Darwin (Erasmus Darwin), Jr., 1843-1887.
- Date:
- 1880
Licence: Public Domain Mark
Credit: Johnson's family physician : from the ablest medical authorities, giving numerous and dangerous diseases to which the human race is subject, the symptoms and treatment, or what is necessary to be done in an emergency for the patient before the physician arrives, thereby alleviating suffering and often saving life / by E. Darwin Hudson, with articles from the most eminent physicians, among whom are Willard Parker [and others]. Source: Wellcome Collection.
Provider: This material has been provided by the National Library of Medicine (U.S.), through the Medical Heritage Library. The original may be consulted at the National Library of Medicine (U.S.)
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![dial measures whicli may be resorted to under the advice of the physician. Bron'chocele, See Goitre. Bruises. See Wounds (contused). Bunion, or Bunyon, a painful inflamma- tion of the bursa mucosa, or membranous sac of the great-toe joint. The pressure of a boot causes it. Eest and poulticing will generally subdue the attack, and wearing a shoe so constructed as to save the bunion from pressure will usually prevent a recur- rence. Burns and Scalds. Burns arise from the application of a hot solid body or flame, and scalds from hot water or steam. Severe burns are often fatal, especially to children; quite as much, perhaps, from the shock which attends them as from any appreciable injury. In all cases the clothes should be removed with great care, so as not to re- move the cuticle with them. If cold water be agreeable to the patient, it may be cau- tiously applied. Pain and shock may often be relieved by opiates or stimulants. The injured surfaces are to be dressed with car- ron oil (a mixture of olive oil and lime- water), with collodion, with oiled cotton, or they may simply have flour dredged over them. When the surface takes on an un- healthy action and granulations are exces- sive, a weak solution of nitrate of silver or other local stimulant may produce good results. CaKculus, or Stone, a concretion formed within the body from the deposition of mat- ters which normally remain in solution. The most important calculi are those formed i in the kidneys or bladder (urinary calculus), and those formed in the gall-bladder or bil- iary ducts (biliary calculus, or gall-stone). Both of these give rise to intense pain, and may even threaten life. Calculi of less im- portance may form in the salivary ducts and elsewhere. Biliary calculus may generally be assumed to exist when excessive pain suddenly arises in the right side beneath the ribs, and when in a few hours jaundice comes on. But ab- solute proof that these symptoms depend on calculus is often wanting. The pain is more severe while it lasts than almost any other form of suffering. It may be relieved by large doses of opium or by the inhalation of ether. Gall-stones impacted in the ducts sometimes have proved fatal, but much more frequently they find their way, sooner or later, into the intestines. Urinary calculus is a disease most com- mon in advanced life and in the male sex. It is frequent in gouty persons, or among those who pursue sedentary occupations and live freely. Certain local conditions pro- mote it, especially an excess of mineral matter in drinking-water. It is common in England, Ireland, Russia, France, Northern Italy, and Egypt. In the U. S. it is most frequent in Kentucky, Tennessee, West Vir- ginia, Ohio, and Indiana. In its early stages the disease presents itself in the form of gravel, shown by the passage of numerous small gritty concretions, observed in the urine as a deposit like sand, present at the time of passing the urine, and not merely after it has cooled. Calculus in the bladder is at first attended with little pain, as com- pared with that caused by the stone in its passage downward from the kidney; but unless removed the calculus is sure to en- large, and it then becomes the cause of most intense distress. The most trustworthy evi- dences of stone in the bladder are the use of the sound, smarting and burning pain experienced after the bladder has been emptied, with occasional temporary stop- pages of the urine. The chief varieties of urinary calculus are—1. Uric acid, urates of ammonia, soda, lime, etc. (brick-dust sediment, red sand) ; 2. Phosphates of ammonia and magnesia, lime, etc. (the lime phosphate, mixed with ammonio-magnesian phosijhate, constitutes the fusible calculus, one of the com- monest kinds) ; 3. Oxalate of lime (mul- berry calculus); 4. Carbonate of lime (chiefly in domestic animals); 5. Cystine; 6. Xan- thic oxide (very rare); 7. Very rarely in- deed do leucine, tyrosine, and other disease- products form calculous concretions. 8. Cal- culi of fibrine, etc. are also reported. 9. Cal- culi are frequently composed of numerous layers, having perfectly distinct chemical composition. When calculus has once form- ed in the urinary organs no cure exists ex- cept the removal of it from the body, but in the earlier stages much may be done to check the malady by careful regulation of the diet and mode of living, with the use of solvents adapted to the particular form of deposit found. Can^cer [from the Lat. cancer, a crab, the swollen veins around it being likened to crabs' claAvs], the popular name for car- cinoma, a disease characterized by tumors or slow ulcerations in various parts, having a malignant character, and usually ending in death. Among the tumors admitted by general consent into the order of cancers there are widely different degrees of malignancy; some having the tendency to spread rapidly and infect the system at an early period, while others remain local for a considerable time, and may be removed with good hojie of a permanent recovery. The practical distinction or diagnosis of these tumors is founded upon a careful com-](https://iiif.wellcomecollection.org/image/b21131041_0017.jp2/full/800%2C/0/default.jpg)
