A manual of chemistry, inorganic and organic : inorganic and organic, with an introduction to the study of chemistry / by Arthur P. Luff.

  • Arthur P. Luff
Date:
1892
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: A manual of chemistry, inorganic and organic : inorganic and organic, with an introduction to the study of chemistry / by Arthur P. Luff. Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by Royal College of Physicians, London. The original may be consulted at Royal College of Physicians, London.

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    diflcrciit conipoiiittls, they do so in simple multiples ol eacli other.—Thus, let A and B re- present two elements, the following arrangements then show how these two elements might combine in difter- ent proportions to form different compounds : A + B, A + 2B, A + 3B, A + 4B, etc. Or, 2A + B, 2A + 3B, 2A + 5B, 2A + 7B, etc. Or, A + B, A + 3B, A + 5B, etc. It will be noticed that the varying combining pro- portions of A and B are indicated by the simple multiples 1, 2, 3, 4, etc., no halving or quartering of an elementary atom ever taking place. The student will meet with numerous examples of this law as he proceeds with the study of Chemistry; for the present, it will be sufficient to bring before his notice a few illustrations of it in order to complete its explanation. Carbon forms with oxygen two com- pounds, the one containing the least oxygen is called carbonic oxide (CO), and the one containing most oxygen is called carbonic acid gas (COj) ; carbonic oxide contains by weight 12 parts of carbon to 16 of oxygen, and carbonic acid gas contains 12 parts of carbon to 32, or 16 x 2, of oxygen \ in this case the simple multiples 1 and 2 represent the different pro- portions in which the two elements carbon and oxygen unite with one another. A few examples of different compounds belonging to some of the members of the graphic representations previously given, may assist the student in under- standing this law. EXA]MPLES. 2A-i-B ... N.jO ... Nitrous oxide ( Three of thecom- 2A-f3B... N.,0;i... Nitrous anhydride ■< pounds of nitro- 2A-f5B... N^Og... Nitric anhydride ( gen aud osygeu.