Volume 1
Universal technological dictionary, or, Familiar explanations of the terms used in all arts and sciences containing definitions drawn from the original writers, and illustrated by plates, epigrams, cuts, &c. / by George Crabb.
- Date:
- 1823
Licence: Public Domain Mark
Credit: Universal technological dictionary, or, Familiar explanations of the terms used in all arts and sciences containing definitions drawn from the original writers, and illustrated by plates, epigrams, cuts, &c. / by George Crabb. Source: Wellcome Collection.
Provider: This material has been provided by the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh. The original may be consulted at the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh.
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![off the base of the escutcheon. 7. A Gore, or two hollow lines between the sinister chief and the sinister base. 8. A Gusset, or a line sloping a little, and then perpendicular from the upper corner to the bottom or base. These eight Abatements, if ever they were used, required to be of a stained colour, i. e. Sanguine or Tenne; but it is supposed by modern heraldic writers that these distinctions were only imaginary. 9. The ninth and last abatement is when the whole coat is reversed, which was never done but to a traitor. An instance of this kind occui'S in the arms of Sir Andrew de Harcla, Knt. who for his treachery towards his master king Edward II, by taking a bribe from the Scots, was first degraded, then drawn, hanged, beheaded, and quartered, in 1322. He beareth White, a Red Cross, and, in the first quarter, a Black Martlet, according to the annexed cut. Selde?i. Tit. of Honour, p. 337, 338 ; Guill. Disp. of Herald. Abatement (Com.) or Rebate. 1. A discount in the price of commodities when the buyer advances the sum directly for which he might have taken time. 2. A deduction from the duties paid for goods, when they are found to have been damaged. A'BATIS (Arcliccol.) he who measures out corn with batis, i. e. mensuris, an avener or steward of the stables. Abatis {Mil.) or Abbatis, an intrenchment formed by trees felled and laid together. ABA'TOR [Law) one who intrudes into houses or lands that are void by the death of the former possessor, and not yet entered upon by his heir. 1 Inst. sect. 475. A'BATOS [Ant.) from a., priv. and tiMvu, eo, to go, viz. in- accessible, an epithet for a rock or island of the Nile on which none dare set foot but the priests; the same epithet was applied to the inmost recesses of the tem- ple, called by the Latins Penetralia. Lucan. 1. 10, v. 323. Hinc abaton quam nostra vocat vemranda vetustas Terra potens, primos sensit percussa tumultus. Sen. Nat. Quest. 1. 4, c. 6 ; Fest. de Signif. Verb. ABATTU'TA {Mils':) an Italian expression employed in music books after a break in the time of any piece, signify- ing that the time is to be beaten as before. ABATU'DA {Archceol.) an epithet for any thing dimi- nished in value, particularly money, as moneta abatuda, dipt money. A'BATURES {Sport.) the sprigs or grass that the stag throws down in passing by. ABA'VI {Bot.) a large tree in jEthiopia, bearing fruit like a gourd. Rail Hist. Plant. ABB {Mech.) or Abivool, the yarn of a weaver's warp. A'BBACY {Ecc.) Abbatia, the government of an abbey. ABBA'ISSEUR {Anat.) one of the muscles of the eye. Winsloiv. A'BBATIS {Mil.) \l(ie Abatis. A'BBEY {Ecc.) a religious house under the government of an abbot: anciently one third of the benefices in England were, by the Pope's grant, appropriated to the abbeys, and other religious houses, which at their dissolu- tion amounted to the number of 190, that became lay-fees, the revenue of which were from 200/. to 3,500/. per annum, amounting on an average calculation to 2,853,000/. per annum. Burn. Hist. Rcf. A'BDOT {Ecc.) Abbas, Abbat, from Abba, Father, the head or governor of an abbey, of which there were different descriptions ; as,—Bishop Abbots, whose abbeys have been erected into bishopricks ;—Cardinal Abbots, who are also cardinals ;—Commendatorij Abbots, or bishops in conimen- dam, wiio are seculars, performing no spiritual office, and having no spiritual jurisdiction, although they have under- gone the tonsure, and arc obliged by their bulls to take orders when they come of age;—Croziered Abbots, such as bear the crozier or staff;—Mitred Abbots, i. e. sovereign or general abbots, who were lords of parliament, and in- dependent of any person but the pope. They were called mitred, from the mitre which they wore;—Secundary Abbots, the same as priors ;—Regidar Abbots, real monks, who have taken the vow, and wear the habits. Abbot {Polit.) or Abbot of the people, a chief in the republic of Genoa, who was chosen by the people in the fourteenth century. ABBREVIATED {Bot.) abbreviatus, an epithet for the perianth; perianthium abbrevintum, an abbreviated perianth, when it is shorter than the tube of the corolla, as in Pul- monaria maritima. Linn. Phil. Bot. ABBREVIATION {Gram.) a contracted manner of writing words so as to retain only single letters. Such abbrevia- tions were common among the Greeks and Romans, as they are now among the moderns. Greek Abbreviations on Coins, Inscriptions, Sfc. A. A. dya9rj, 'Aktm, 'AOrivrj, apxovTOQ, 'Ada. A. BA2. 'AvTiTrdrps BaciXioiQ. AB. ABA. ABAK.ABAKAIN. AjSaKuivwiSv. AB. ABA. ABAH. 'Ajidtipirtuiv. AB. ABY. ABYAH. 'Aj3v5t]vi3v. ABP. 'AjSpOTOVov. AT. dyaOi]. ATAeO. 'AyaGoKXiovc. ATP. 'AypiTTTra. AOHNA. 'Adijvauov. AAES.'AXeKavSpeia. AAES- AN. 'AXcKafdpiavii, 'AXt^dvSps. AAE3ANAP0Y. 'AXeKavSpov- iroXtoig. AMAC. 'Ajxacria. ANAZ. 'AvaZ,dp(iH. ANE0H. dvi- Ot]Kt. AN9HA. 'Av9t)5mvoQ. ANOY. 'AvQvTraroQ. Proconsul. ANKYP.'AvKi/'paf. AT^OC. dvBpiOTtoQ. ANT. ANTIO.'Arrto- Xfwv. ANTI.'Avrfrpar/jys. ANT. ANTQ.'AvT-wviavije. AIIO. 'A7roXXiva|Oi8. AIIOA. 'ATroXXuiVLaTav, APF. 'ApyaioQ. APIS. 'ApiroQ. APX. ApxuptojQ. ASKAA. 'AcKaXiovirtSv. A2KAH. 'AiTKXTjTriS. A2KA. 'AcTKXrjTridSa. ASIA. 'Aaiapxa. AST. 'AavXoQ, 'AavXs. AYP. 'AvprjXiag. AYTOK. AvroKparup. AY. AYTO. AYTON. 'Avtovoho^. B. B. BAA. BaXtpiof, Valerius. B. BEA. BtXri^-or. B.NEQ. oi'e Nfw- Kopwv. BA. Ba/38. BA. BAS. BASI. ^aaiXivg, ^aaiXia. BOYS. Bovtripirwv. r. r. ypa'/xjuart/coe, ytpowi'ae. FOPTY. Poprw/wv. PP.FPA.rPAM. ypanfiaTtiog. A. A. dig. AAK. AaKiKog. AAM. Sa/iama. AHM. SrjiioQ. AHMHT. Aj;/i»/Vj;p. AEMOCTP. At/io'^pdrs. AlAAOY. Siadsixeviavog. AIK. SiKawQ. AIONY. Aiovva'is. APOYC. ApovfftXXav, Dru- sillam. AQP. S(Spa. E. E. En. tVi. EAEY0. eXevOipag. ESO. ilovaia. EPMO. Ep/io- ttoXltiSv. EPMOK. T.piioKXiovQ. ETO. ersf. EY. tvat^ik. EYF. £vy£V£8f. E$. E$E. E^ecrt'od'. EX. txoj/rog. H. HF. HFE. riyefiovoQ. HPAK. UpaKXttda, UpaicXfaTroXiTiSv. e. e. QtiSv. OA. eacTicov. 9Y. Guyarijp. I. l.lO.lOr. UXiog, Julius. I. IC. ICT. ICTP.'l<rpov, 'l^py. IE. Upag, Upd, ItpoTToX'iTuiv. IHL. '\<ypai]X. ILHM. 'ItptKraXriii. lAI. iXiioiv. 10. 'luidvvTjg. ION. lovuv. 11111. 'nnr'iKS, 'imrov. IC. 'IijffBf. ice. ICOM. 'IT/Jia. K. K. KiXiKia, Cilicia. Ksivrof, Quintus. K. KAI. KAIC. Katffap. KAIAP. KaMapiiaQ, Y^aiuaptg, Kaiaapiuv. KAA. KaXv-](https://iiif.wellcomecollection.org/image/b2199304x_0001_0016.jp2/full/800%2C/0/default.jpg)
