The works of Ambrose Parey, chyrurgeon to Henry II. Francis II. Charles IX. and Henry III. Kings of France. : Wherein are contained an introduction to chirurgery in general : a discourse of animals, and of the excellency of man. The anatomy of man's body. A treatise of praeternatural tumors ... Illustrated with variety of figures, and the cuts of the most useful instruments in chirurgery. Recommended by the University of Paris to all students in physick and chirurgery, particularly such as practised in camps and the sea.

  • Ambroise Paré
Date:
M DC XCI. [1691]
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: The works of Ambrose Parey, chyrurgeon to Henry II. Francis II. Charles IX. and Henry III. Kings of France. : Wherein are contained an introduction to chirurgery in general : a discourse of animals, and of the excellency of man. The anatomy of man's body. A treatise of praeternatural tumors ... Illustrated with variety of figures, and the cuts of the most useful instruments in chirurgery. Recommended by the University of Paris to all students in physick and chirurgery, particularly such as practised in camps and the sea. Source: Wellcome Collection.

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    if ‘ >'r -,/ RAC T. III. Concerning the NerVeSi 35 performed by turning it upfide down, hath taught us that they arife at the utmoft fides of the brain, in that part which is above the holes of the ears, whereby it is manifeft, that hitherto onely one half of them hath been (hewn. They are very (harp at their original, and diftant one from the other, but going forward by degrees, betwixt theuppermoft and middle prominence of the brain, they grow thicker, and draw nearer one to another, and fo at length they lie down above the fmus or cavities ohhe fpongy bone within the skull. Thefe are thruft into the mammillary proceffes of the brain: but Galen and Marinus (whom almoft all Anatomifts have followed) would not call them by the name of Nerves, although they altogether agree therewith in their colour, courfe, and ufe, becaufe they neither have produdtions like the reft of thenerves,nor go out of the cavity of the skull: but truly they feem to me to commit no other a fophifm than they who have expelled the teeth out of the number of the Bones, becaufe they are not invefted on the out-fide with a membrane, as others are, although neither this makes any thing to the effence of the Bones,nor that to the effence of the Nerves. C H A P. II. ' Concerning the Nerves of the Spinal Marron> ^properly fo called^ and frft of thofe of the Kacli^hones of the Neck* c NAture, the wife Parent of all things, as fhe hath framed the Nerves, that they might ferve The Spinal for the carrying of the faculties and fpirits that are generated in the brain, becaufe the I»larrow. brain it felf could not be diffufed through the whole body: fo when the fame could not conveniently beftow Nerves upon all the parts, by reafon of their too great diftance, fhe made the • ' Spinal Marrow, which is nothing elfe but the marrow of the after-brain and brain, extended through the long Conduit-pipe of the Rack-bones of the back. And therefore we having already viewed thofe Nerves which take their original from the marrow of the brain, whileft it is yet contained in the skull-, it remains now that we take a view of them alfo which come from the fpondyls of the _ ^ , Back-bone: But it is called Marrow, not that it hath any affinity by reafon of its fubftance with the ' marrow of the bones, but becaufe like Marrow it is contained within the Raek-bonesbut the fub- arroif. j ftance thereofis like that of the brain, which it felf alfo P/<2fo called Marrow, and it is named alfo the Spinal Marrow, or of the Back, to diftinguifti it from both thofe that are contained in the Back¬ bone, but either in the skull, as the brain, or in the hollownefs of the bones, as that which is properly , called Marrow. This fubftance is covered with two membranes, no otherwife than the brain it felf ^oMeuS is, from whence it takes its original, the one thick, the other thinner, which are invefted with a certain third ftrong and membranous covering, that Galen thought to be the ligament of the Rack-bones. But it was made to that end, that it might diftribute fenfe and motion to the Mufcles and Mem¬ branes, to which thofe pairs of the brain do not reach. Therefore when there is a good number of The Conjuga- Nerves arifing therefrom, yet we (hall eafily reduce them to fome certain Clajfes or Companies, if we ^ fay that they all make up thirty pairs, of which feven belong to the marrow whileft it is carried through the Rack-bones of the Nccki twelve whileft it is carried through thofe of the cheft *, five through thofe of the loins -, and laftly, fix to that which is contained in the holes of the Os facrum^ or great bone. But thefe Nerves go out through the holes of the Rack-bones, and either with a double original on the fore and hinder part, as it happens in the two firft conjugations of the neck, and five of the great bone, which arife not from the fides, that is, from the right or left part, but ilTue forth two branches before and behind *, or elfe with a fingle one, through the hole bored in both fides of the Rack-bones, as happens in all the reft of the pairs, in which one Nerve iffues from the right fide, the other from the left. But the firft and fecond pair have a double beginning, left if they Ihould arife with a fingle one, that being fomewhat thicker might have been hurt by the joints of the Rack-bonesi or if the hole ihould be made larger, the Rack-bone (which was fmall enough of it felf) ihould be lia¬ ble to breaking. Therefore that both thefe evils might be avoided, the wife Opificer made a double beginning, one on the fore-part, another on the hinder. But the right branches go every where to the right fide, the left to the left, and they are diftributed on both fides after the fame manner. The firft Pair thereof [tab, i.«. i.] arifes with its firft and foremoft propagation [tab, i. B] from the The firft pair fore-part of the Spinal Marrow, and pafles cut betwixt the nowl-bonc, a'nd the firft rack-bone of the neck, near to the fides of that round ligament, wherewith the Tooth-like procefs ot the fecond rack- bone is tied to the fore-iideof the nowl-bone, and fo it is diftributed into the Mufcles over the neck and under the gullet that bend the neck. With the other and hinder propagation, [tab,2,fig,i, C] it likewife falls out through the hole, that is common to the nowl-bone, and firft rack-bone of the neck, towards the hinder part, but with a double fprig, one of which being fmall is fpent upon the ielfer ftrait mufcles and the upper oblique ones that extend the head the other reaches out into the beginning of the mufcle which lifts up the Shoulder-blade The fecond pair [tab,i,2,'] with its fore-branch [tab,i,D~\ (which is flendererthan the hinder one, fecond though both of them feem fmall enough) arifing from the fore-part of the Marrow, goes forth betvyixt pair, the firft and fecond rack-bones at the fide of the Tooth-like procefs, which branch is diftributed into ^ the Mufcles that lie upon the neck, as well as the fore-branch of the firft pair, which is wrapped to¬ gether with it, and is almoft wholly fpent upon the skin of the face. With its hinder branch [tab,24 fig, I. E3 it dips out through the fidqs of the backward procefs of the fecond rack-bone, but prefently is cleft into two branches of unequal bignefs, of which that which is the thicker [tab.2,jig,i, F tends from the fore-part to the hinder,where the Mufcles feated on both fides of the hinder part of the neck do meet together,and there being mixed [tab,2,fig,i, G] with the third propagation oi the third pair of the nerves, it runs out through the middle of the faid mufcles, returning from the hinder to the fore-parts, and fo is diftributed into all the skin of the head, as far as to the top of the Crown [tab,2, fig,J, as alfo to the ears. The other branch, which is the flenderer, is infeited into the great ftrait mufcles, and the lower oblique ones, that extend the head. Galen makes mention of thefe branches lib*