A dictionary of the English language: in which the words are deduced from their originals, and illustrated in their different significations by examples from the best writers : to which are prefixed a history of the language, and an English grammar (Volume 1).

Johnson, Samuel, 1709-1784.

Date:: 1819

Credit: A dictionary of the English language: in which the words are deduced from their originals, and illustrated in their different significations by examples from the best writers : to which are prefixed a history of the language, and an English grammar (Volume 1). Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by the National Library of Medicine (U.S.), through the Medical Heritage Library. The original may be consulted at the National Library of Medicine (U.S.)

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$hor.] The person that abhors; a hater; detester. The lower clergy were railed at, for disputing the power of the bishops, by the known abhcorers of episcopacy, and abused for doing nothing in the convocations, by these very men who wanted to bind up their hands. Sicift. Examiner, No. 21. Abho'hring, ab-hor'ing. The object of abhorrence. This seems not to be the proper use of the participial noun. They shall go forth, and look upon the carcases of the men that have transgressed against Me: for their worm shall not die, neither shall their fire be quenched, and they shall be an abhorring unto all flesh. Isaiah, lxvi. 44. To ABI'DE, a-bide'. v. n. I abode or abid. [from bibian, or aubibian, Sax.] 1. To dwell in a place; not remove; to stay. Thy servant became surety for the lad unto my father, saying, if I bring him not unto thee, then I shall bear the blame to my father for ever. Now therefore I pray thee, let thy servant abide instead of the lad, a bondman to my lord; and let the lad go up with his brethren. Gen. xliv. 32, 33. 2. To dwell. The Marquis Dorset, as I hear, is fled To Richmond, in the parts where he abides. Shaksp. Richard III. Those who apply themselves to learning, are forced to acknowledge one God, incorruptible and tinbegotten; who is the only true ;being, and abides for ever above the highest heavens, from whence He beholds all the things that are done in heaven and earth. Stillingfl. Defence of Disc, on Idolat. 3. To remain; not to cease or fail; to be im- movable. They that trust in the Lord shall be as mount Zion, which cannot be removed, but abideth for ever. Psalm cxxv. 1. 4. To continue in the same state. The fear of the Lord tendeth to life; and he that hath it shall abide satisfied. Prov. xix. 23. There can be no study without time; and the mind must abide and dwell upon things, or be al- ways a stranger to the inside of them. South. 5. To endure without offence) anger, or contradiction. Who can abide, that, against their own doctors, six whole books should by their fatherhoods be im- periously obtruded upon God and his church? Hall. 6. It is used with the particle with before a person, and at or in before a place. It is better that I give her to thee, than that I should give her to another man: Abide with me. Gen. xxix. 19. For thy servant vowed a vow, while I abode at Geshur in Syria, saying, if the Lord shall bring me again indeed to Jerusalem, then I will serve the Lord. 2 Sam. xv. 8. 7. It is used with by before a thing; as, to abide by his testimony; to abide by his own skill; that is, to rely ufion them; to abide by an opinion; to maintain it; to abide by a man, is also, to defend or su/i- fiort him. But these forms are some- thing low. Of the participle abid, I have found only the example in Woodward, and should rather determine that abide in the active sense has no passive partici- ple, or compounded preterite. To Abi'de, a-bide'. v. a. 1. To wait for, expect, attend, wait upon, await; used of things prepared for per- sons, as well as of persons expecting things. Home is he brought, and laid in sumptuous bed, Where many skilful leeches him abide, To salve his hurts. Fairy Queen, b. i. c. 5. st. 17. While lions war, and battle for their dens, Poor harmless lambs abide their enmity. Shaksp. Hen. VI. p. 3. Bonds and afflictions abide me. Acts, xx. 23. 2. To bear or support the consequences of a thing. Ah me! they little know How dearly I abule that boast so vain. Milton's Par. Lost. 3. To bear or support, without being con- quered or destroyed. But the Lord he is the true God, he is the living God, and an everlasting king: At his wrath the earth shall tremble, and the nations shall not be able to abide his indignation. Jer. x. 10. It must be allowed a fair presumption in favour of the truth of my doctrines, that they have abid a veiy rigorous test now for above thirty years, and the more strictly they are looked into, the more they are confirmed. Woodward, Letter i. 4. To bear without aversion; in which sense it is commonly used with a negative. Thou canst not abide Tiridates; this is but love of thyself. Sidney, b. ii. Thy vile race, Though thou didst learn, had that in't, which good natures Could not abide to be with; therefore wast thou Deservedly confin'd unto this rock. Shaksp. Tempest. 5. To bear or suffer. Girt with circumfluous tides, He still calamitous constraint abides. Pope's Odyss. b. iv. I. 750. Abi'der, a-bi'diar.98 n. s. [from abide.'] The person that abides or dwells in a place; perhaps that lives or endures. A word little in use. Abi'ding, a-bi'ding.410 n. s. [from abide.~\ Continuance; stay; fixed state. We are strangers before Thee and sojourners, as were all our fathers: our days on the earth are as a shadow, and there is none abiding. 1 Chron. xxix. 15. The air in that region is so violently removed, and carried about with such swiftness, as nothing in that place can consist or have abiding. Raleigh's History of the World. ATJJECT, ab'jekt.49' adj. [abjectus, Lat.] thrown away as of no value. I. Mean; worthless; base; groveling; spo- ken of persons, or their qualities. Rebellion Came like itself in base and abject routs, Led on by bloody youth goaded with rage, And countenane'd by boys and beggary. Shakspeare's Henry IV. I was at first, as other beasts that graze The trodden herb, of abject thoughts and low. Milt. Paradise Lost, b. ix. I. 571. Honest men, who tell their sovereigns what they expect from them, and what obedience they shall be always ready to pay them, are not upon an equal foot with base and abject flatterers. Addison's Whig Examiner. 2. Being of no hope or regard; used of condition. The rarer thy example stands, By how much from the top of wond'rous glory, Strongest of mortal men, To lowest pitch of abject fortune thou art fall'n. Milton's Sampson Agonistes. We see man and woman in the highest innocence and perfection, and in the most abject state of guilt and infirmity. Addison. Spectator, No. 279. 3. Mean and despicable; used of actions. The rapine is so abject and profane, They not from trifles, nor horn gods refrain. Lhydm's Juvenal, Sat. 6 To what base ends, and by what abject ways Are mortals urg'd through sacred lust of praise? Pope's Essay on Criticism. A/bjeot, ab'jekt. n. s. A man without hope; a man whose miseries are irre- trievable; one of the lowest condition. Yea, the objects gathered themselves together against me. Psalm xxxv. 15. To Abje'ct, ab-jekt'.492 v. a. [abjicio,Lat.J To throw away. A word rarely used. Abje'ctedness, ab-jek't£d-ness. n. s. [from abject.~] The state of an abject. Our Saviour would love at no less rate than death; and, from the supereminent height of glory, stooped and abased himself to the sufferance of the extremest of indignities, and sunk himself to the bottom of abjectedness, to exalt our condition to the contrary extreme. Boyle's Works. Abje'otion, ab-j£k'shim. n. s. [from ab- ject.'] Meanness of mind; want of spirit; servility; baseness. That this should be termed baseness, abjection of mind, or servility, is it credible? Hooker, b.v. § 47. The just medium lies betwixt pride and abjection, the two extremes. L'Estrange. A'bjectly, ab'j£kt-le.4i2 adv. [from ab- ject.] In an abject manner, meanly, basely, servilely, contemptibly. A'bjectness, ab'jekt-n£ss. n. s. [from abject.] Abjection, servility, meanness. Servility and abjectness of humour is implicitly involved in the charge of lying. Government of the Tongue, § 8. By humility I mean not the abjectness of a base mind: but a prudent care not to over-value ourselves upon any account. Gran's Cosmologia Sacra, b. ii. c. 1. Abi'lity, a-bil'e-t6.4S<! n. s. [Habilete, Fr.j 1. The power to do any thing, whether de- pending upon skill, or riches, or strength, or any other quality. Of singing thou hast got the reputation, Good Thyrsis, mine I yield to thy ability; My heart doth seek another estimation. Sidney, b. i. If aught in my ability may serve To lighten what thou suffer'st, and appease Thy mind with what amends is in my pow'r. Milton's Sampson Agonistes, I. 744. They gave after their ability unto the treasure. Ezra, ii. 69. If any man minister, let him do it as of the ability which God giveth: that God in all things may be glorified through Jesus Christ. 1 Pet. iv. 11. Wherever we find our abilities too weak for the performance, he assures us of the assistance of his Holy Spirit. Rogers's Sermons. 2. Capacity of mind; force of understand- ing; mental power. Children in whom there was no blemish, but well-favoured, and skilful in all wisdom, and cun- ning in knowledge, and understanding science, and such as had ability in them to stand in the king's palace. Dan. i. 4. 3. When it has the plural number, abilities, it frequently signifies the faculties or powers of the mind, and sometimes the force of understanding given by na*ure, as distinguished from acquired qualifi- cations. Whether it may be thought necessary, that in certain tracts of country, like what we call parishes, there should be one man, at least, of abilities to read and write? Sicift Abintestate, ab-in-tes'tat. adj. [ofod,$