A dictionary of the English language: in which the words are deduced from their originals, and illustrated in their different significations by examples from the best writers : to which are prefixed a history of the language, and an English grammar (Volume 1).

Johnson, Samuel, 1709-1784.

Date:: 1819

Credit: A dictionary of the English language: in which the words are deduced from their originals, and illustrated in their different significations by examples from the best writers : to which are prefixed a history of the language, and an English grammar (Volume 1). Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by the National Library of Medicine (U.S.), through the Medical Heritage Library. The original may be consulted at the National Library of Medicine (U.S.)

Title Page

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$4. In law. A title given to a man, over and above his christian name and surname; shewing his estate, degree, occupation, trade, age, place of dwelling. Cowell. Only retain The name, and all fli' addition to a king; The sway, revenue, execution, Beloved sons, be yours; which to confirm, This coronet part between you. Shaks]). K. Lear. From this time, For what he did before Corioli, call him, With all th' applause and clamour of the host, Caius Marcius Coriolanus. Bear th' addition nobly ever. Shakspeare'ls Coriolanus. There arose new disputes, upon the persons na- med by the king; or rather, against the additions and appellations of title, which were made to their names. Clarendon. Additional, ad-dish'shun-al adj. [from addition.] That which is added. Our kalendar being once reformed and set right, it may be kept so, without any considerable variation, for many ages, by omitting one leap-year; i. e. the additional day, at the end of every 134 years. Holder on Time. The greatest wits, that ever were produced in one age, lived together in so good an understanding, and celebrated one another with so much generosity; that each of them receives an additional lustre, from his cotemporaries. Addison. They include in them that very kind of evidence, which is supposed to be powerful: and do (withal) alll.ii! us several other additional proofs, of great force and clearness. Atterbury. Additional, ad-dish'shun-al. n. s. Addi- tament; something added. Not in use May be, some little additional may further the incorporation. Bacon. A'dditory, ad'de-to-re.12 adj. [from add.'] That, which has the power or quality of adding. The additorxj fiction gives to a great man a larger share of reputation, than belongs to him; to enable him, to serve some good end or purpose. Arbuthnot. A'DDLE, ad'dl.406 adj. [from abel, a dis- ease, Sax. according to Skmner andJu- nius: perhaps from ybel, idle, barren, unfruitful.] Originally applied to eggs; and signifying such, as produce nothing, but grow rotten under the hen: thence transferred to brains, that produce no- thing. There's one with truncheon, like a ladle; That carries eggs too fresh or addle; .And still at random, as he goes, Among the rabble-rout bestows. Hudibras. After much solitariness, fasting, or long sickness, their brains were addle; and their bellies as empty of meat, as their heads of wit. Burton on Melancholy. Thus far the poet: but his brains grow addle; And all the rest is purely from this noddle. Dryd. To A'ddle, ad'dl.408 v. a. [from addle, adj.] To make addle; to corrupt; to make barren. This is also evidenced in eggs, whereof the sound ©nes sink; and such, as are addled, swim; as do also those, that are termed hypanemice, or wind-eggs. Brown's Vulgar Errours. To A'ddle, ad'dl.408 v. n. To grow; to increase. Obsolete. Where ivy embraceth the tree very sore, Kill ivy, else tree will addle no more. Tusser's Husbandry. A'ddle-pated, ad'dl-pa-te'd. adj. Hav- ing addled brains. See Addle. Poor slaves in metre, dull and addle-pated; Who rhyme, below even David's psalms translated. Dryden. To ADDRE'SS, ad-dress', v. a. [addrcs- scr, Fr. from dcrecar, Span, from dirigo, directum, Lat.] 1. To prepare one's self, to enter upon any action; as, he addressed himself to the •work. It has to, before the thing. With him the Palmer eke, in habit sad, Himself chMits^o that adventure hard. Fairy Q,ueen. It lifted up its head, and did address Itself to motion, like as it would speak. Shaksp. Hamlet. Then Turnus, from his chariot leaping light, Addressed himself on foot to single fight. Dryden. 2. To get ready; to put in a state, for im- mediate use. They fell directly on the English battle; where- upon the earl of Warwick addressed his men, to take the flank. Hayicard. Duke Frederick hearing, how that every day Men of great worth resorted to this forest, Addressed a mighty power, which were on foot, In his own conduct purposely to take His brother here. Sluikspeare, As you like it. To-night in Harfleur we will be your guest; To-morrow for the march we are addrest. Shaksp. 3. To apply to another by words, with va- rious forms of construction. 4. Sometimes without a preposition. To such I would address, with this most affection- ate petition. Decay of Piety. Among the crowd, but far above the rest, Young Turnus to the beauteous maid addrest. Dryden. Are not your orders to address the senate ? Mdison. 5. Sometimes with to. Addressing to Pollio, his great patron, and him- self no vulgar poet, he began to assert his native character, which is sublimity. Dryden. 6. Sometimes with the reciprocal pronoun; as, he addressed himself to the general. 7. Sometimes with the accusative of the matter of the address, which may be the nominative to the passive. The young hero had addressed his prayers to him for his assistance. Dryden. The prince himself, with awful dread possess'd, His vows to great Apollo thus addrest. Dryden. His suit was common; but, above the rest, To both the brother-princes thus addrest. Dryden. 8. To address [in law] is, to apply to the king in form. The representatives of the nation in parliament, and the privy-council, addressed the king, to have it recalled. Swift. Addre'ss, ad-dr&ss'. n. s. [addresse, Fr.] 1. Verbal application to any one, by way of persuasion; petition. Henry, in knots involving Emma's name, Had half-confess'd and half-conceal 'd his flame Upon this tree: and, as the tender mark Grew with the year, and widen'd with the bark, Venus had heard the virgin's soft address; That, as the wound, the passion might increase. Prim\ Most of the persons, to whom these addresses are made, are not wise and skilful judges; but are in- fluenced, by their own sinful appetites and passions. Watts's Improvement of the Mind. 2. Courtship. They often have reveal'd their passion to me: But, tell me, whose address thou favour'st most; I long to know, and yet I dread to hear it. Addison. A gentleman, whom (I am sure) you yourself would have approved, made his addresses to me. Addison. 3. Manner of addressing another; as, we say, a man of an hafifiy or a pleasing address; a man of an awkward address. 4. Skill dexterity. I could produce innumerable instances from my own observation, of events imputed to the profound skill and address of a minister; which, in reality, were either mere effects of negligence, weakness, humour, passion, or pride; or at best, but the natu- ral course of things, left to themsth es. Swift. 5. Manner of directing a letter; a sense chiefly mercantile. Addhe'sseh, ad-dreYsur.08 n. s. [from address.] The person, that addresses or petitions. Addu'cent, ad-du'sent. adj. [adducens. Lat.] A word applied to those muscles, that bring forward, close, or draw toge- ther, the parts of the body, to which they are annexed. Quincy. To Addu'lce, ad-dtilse'. -v. a. [addoucir, Fr. dulcis, Lat.] To sweeten; a word, not now in use. Thus did the French embassadors, with great shew of their king's affection, and many sugared words, seek to addulce all matters between the two kings. Bacon's Henry VII. A'deling, a'dllng. n. s. [from aebel, Sax. illustrious.] A word of honour among the Angles, properly appertaining to the king's children: king Edward the Con- fessor, being without issue, and intend- ing to make Edgar his heir, called him A'deling. Cowell. Adeno'graphy, ad-de-nog'gra-fe.618 n. s. [from a^ov a gland, and y^»<pu to write, Gr.] A treatise of the glands. Ade'mption, a-d£m'shun.4ia n. s. [adimo, ademfitum, Lat.] Taking away; priva- tion. Diet. Ade'pt, a-d£pt'. n. s. [from adefitus, Lat. that is, adefitus artem.] He, that is com- pletely skilled in all the secrets of his art. It is, in its original signification, appropriated to the chymists; but is now extended to other artists. The preservation of chastity is easy to true adepts. Pope. Ade'pt, a-d£pt'. adj. Skilful; thoroughly versed. If there be really such adept philosophers, as we are told of; I am apt to think that, among their ar- cana, they are masters of extremely potent men- struums. Boyle. A'DEquATE, ad'-e-kwate.91 adj. [adequa- tus, Lat.] Equal to; proportionate; cor- respondent to, so as to bear an exact resemblance or proportion. It is used generally in a figurative sense, and often with the particle to. Contingent death seems to be the whole adequate object of popular courage; but a necessary and una- voidable coffin strikes paleness into the stoutest heart. Harvey on Consumptions. The arguments were proper, adequate, and suffi- cient to compass their respective ends. South. All our simple ideas are adequate; because, being nothing but the effects of certain powers in things, fitted and ordained by God to produce such sensa- tions in us, they cannot but be correspondent and adequate to those powers. Locke. Those are adequate ideas, which perfectly repre- sent their archetypes or objects. Inadequate are but a partial or incomplete representation of those ar- chetypesjio which they are referred. Itatts's Logick. Adequately, ad'6-kwate-le. adv. [from adequate.] 1. In an adequate manner; with justness of representation; with exactness of pro- portion.$