A dictionary of the English language: in which the words are deduced from their originals, and illustrated in their different significations by examples from the best writers : to which are prefixed a history of the language, and an English grammar (Volume 1).

  • Johnson, Samuel, 1709-1784.
Date:
1819
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Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: A dictionary of the English language: in which the words are deduced from their originals, and illustrated in their different significations by examples from the best writers : to which are prefixed a history of the language, and an English grammar (Volume 1). Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by the National Library of Medicine (U.S.), through the Medical Heritage Library. The original may be consulted at the National Library of Medicine (U.S.)

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    Gratitude consists adequately, in these two things: fust, thai it is a debt; and, secondly, that it is such a debt, as is left to every man's ingenuity, whether he will pay or no. South. 2. It is used with the particle to. Piety is the necessary Christian virtue, propor- tioned adequately to the omniscence and spirituality of that infinite Deity. Hammond's Fundamentals. A'dequaieness, ad'e-kwate-ness. n. s. [from adequate.] The state of being ade- quate, justness of representation; exact- ness of proportion. Adespo'tick, a'de-spot'ik. adj. N«t ab- solute; not despotick. Diet, To ADHE'RE, ad-here'. v. n. [adhareo, Lat.] 1. To stick to; as, wax to the finger; with to, before the thing. 2. To stick, in a figurative sense; to be consistent; to hold together. Why every thing adheres together, that no dram of a scruple, no scruple of a scruple, no incredu- lous or unsafe circumstance— Shakspeare's Twelfth Night. 3. To remain firmly fixed, to a party, per- son, or opinion. Good gentlemen, he hath much talk'd of you; And sure I am, two men there are not living, To whom he more adheres. Shaksp. Hamlet. Every man of sense will agree with me, that singularity is laudable; when, in contradiction to a multitude, it adheres to the dictates of conscience, morality, and honour. Boyle. Adhe'rence, ad-he'rense. n. s. [from adhere.'] See Adhesion. 1. The quality of adhering or sticking; tenacity. 2. In a figurative sense, fixedness of mind; steadiness; fidelity. The firm adherence of the Jews to their religion is no less remarkable, than their dispersion; con- sidering it, as persecuted or contemned over the whole earth. Addison. A constant adherence to one sort of diet may have bad effects on any constitution. Arbuthnot on Aliments. Plain good sense, and a firm adherence to the point, have proved more effectual, than those aits, which are contemptuously called the spirit of ne- gociating. Swift. Adhe'rency, ad-he'ren-se.182 n. s. [The same with adherence^] 1. Steady attachment. 2. That, which adheres. Vices have a native adherency of vexation. Decay of Piety. Adhe'rent, ad-he'rent.arf/. [fvomadhere.] 1. Sticking to. Close to the cliff, with both his hands he clung; And stuck adherent, and suspended hung. Pope. 2. United with. Modes are said to be inherent or adherent; that is proper or improper. Adherent or improper modes arise, from the joining of some accidental substance to the chief subject, which yet may be separated from it: so, when a bowl is wet, or a boy is clothed, these arc adherent modes; for the water and the clothes are distinct substances, which adhere to the bowl, or to the boy. Watts''s Logick. Adhe'rent, ad-he'rent. n. s. [from ad- here.] I. The person, that adheres; one, that supports the cause, or follows the for- tune of another; a follower, a partisan. Princes must give protection to their subjects and adherents when worthy occasion shall require it. Raleigh. A new war must be undertaken, upon the advice of those; who, with their partisans and adherents, were to be the sole gainers by it. Swift. 2. Any thing, outwardly belonging to a person. When they cannot shake the main fort, they must try, if they can possess themselves of the outworks; raise some prejudice against his discre- tion, his humour, his carriage, and his extrinsic adherents. Government of the Tongue. Adhe'rer, ad-he'rur.98 n. s. [from ad- hered] He, that adheres. He ought to be indulgent to tender consciences; but, at the same time, a firm adlierer to the esta- blished church. Sioift. Adhe'sion, ad-he'zhun.461 n. s. [adhesio, Lat.] 1. The act or state, of sticking to some- thing, jidhesion is generally used, in the natural; and adherence, in the me- taphorical sense: as, the adhesion of iron to the magnet; and adherence of a client to his fiatron. Why therefore may not the minute parts of other bodies, if they be conveniently shaped for adhesion, stick to one another, as well as stick to this spirit? Boyle. The rest (consisting wholly in the sensible con- figuration, as smooth and rough; or else more or less firm adhesion of the parts, as hard and soft, tough and brittle) are obvious. Locke. Prove, that all things (on occasion) Love union, and desire adhesion. Prior. 1. It is sometimes taken (like adherence} figuratively, for firmness in an opinion, or steadiness in a practice. The same want of sincerity, the same adhesion to vice, and aversion from goodness, will be equally a reason for their rejecting any proof whatsoever. Atterbury. Adhe'sive, ad-he'siv.168 428 adj. [from adhesion^] Sticking; tenacious. If slow, yet sure, adhesive to the tract, Hot-steaming up. Thomson. To ADHI'BIT, ad-hlb'blt. v. a. [adhibeo, Lat.] To apply; to make use of. Salt, a necessary ingredient in all sacrifices, was adhibited and required in this view only, as an em- blem of purification. President Forbes's Letter to a Bishop. \dhibi'tion, ad-he-bish'shVin.B07 n. s. [from adhibit.] Application; use. Diet. Adja'cency, ad-ja'sen-se.183 n. s. [from adjaceo, Lat.] 1. The state, of lying close to another thing. 2. That, which is adjacent. See Adja- cent. Because the Cape hath sea on both sides near it, and other lands (remote as it were) equidistant from it; therefore, at that point, the needle is not distracted by the vicinity of adjacencies. Brown's Vulgar Errours. Adja'cent, ad-ja'sent. adj [adjacens, Lat.] Lying near or close; bordering upon something. It may corrupt within itself, although no part of it issue info the body adjacent. Bacon. Uniform pellucid mediums, such as water, have no sensible reflection, but in their external super- fices, where they are adjacent to other mediums of a different density. Newton. Adja'cent, ad-ja'sent. n. s. That, which lies next another. The sense of the author goes visibly, in its own train; and the words, receiving a determined sense from their companions and adjacents, will not con- sent to give countenance and colour, to what must be supported at any rate. Locke. Adia'phorous, a-de-af'fo-rus. adj. [«^<«. <pe£®>, Gr.] Neutral; particularly used of some spirits and salts, which are neither of an acid or alkaline nature. Quincy. Our adiaphorous spirit may be obtained, by dis- tilling the liquor, that is afforded by woods and di- vers other bodies. Boyle. Adia'phory, a-de-af'fo-re.6.34 n. s. [uh*. <pofU, Gr.] Neutrality; indifference. To ADJE'CT, ad-ject' v. a. [adjicio, ad- jeetum, Lat.] To add to; to put to ano- ther thing. Adje'ciion, ad-jek'shun, n. s. [adjectio, Lat.] 1. The act of adjecting or adding. 2. The thing, adjected or added. That unto every pound of sulphur, an adjecl'wn of one ounce of quicksilver; or unto every pound of petre, one ounce of sal-ammoniac, will much intend the force, and consequently the report, I find no verity. Brown's Vulgar Erroxm. Adjecti'tious, ad-jek-tish'us. adj. [from adjection.] Added; thrown-in upon the rest. A'djective, ad'jek-tiv.612 n. s. [adjecti- vunu Lat.] A word added to a noun, to signify the addition or separation of some quality, circumstance, or manner of being; as, good, bad, are adjectives; because, in speech, they are applied to nouns, to modify their signification, or intimate the manner of existence in the things signified thereby. Clarke's Latin Gram. All the versification of Claudian is included within the compass of four or five lines, perpetu- ally closing his sense at the end of a verse; and that verse commonly, which they call golden; or two substantives and two adjectives, with a verb betwixt them, to keep the peace. Drydtn. A'djectively, ad'jek-tiv-le. adv. [from adjective.] After the manner of an ad- jective; a term of grammar. Adieu', a-du'.284 adv. [from d Dieu, used ellipticaily fore Dieuje vous commende, used at the departure of friends.] The form of parting, originally import- ing a commendation to the Divine care; but now used, in a popular sense, some- times to things inanimate; farewell! Ne gave him leave, to bid that aged sire, Adieu; but nimbly ran her wonted course. Fairy Queen Use a more spacious ceremony, to the noble lords; you restrained yourself, within the list of too cold an adieu: be more expressive to them. Shakspeare's Alfs well that ends well. While now I take my last adieu, Heave thou no sigh, nor shed a tear; Lest yet my half-clos'd eye may view On earth an object worth its care. Prior. To Adjo'in, ad-join'.299 v. a. [adjoindre, Fr. adjungo, Lat.] 1. To join to; to unite to; to put to. As one, who long in populous city pent, Forth issuing on a summer's morn to breathe Among the pleasant villages and farms Adjoined, from each thing met conceives delight. Sliltoii Corrections or improvements should be as re- marks adjoined, by way of note or commentary, in their proper places; and superadded, to a regular treatise.