A dictionary of the English language: in which the words are deduced from their originals, and illustrated in their different significations by examples from the best writers : to which are prefixed a history of the language, and an English grammar (Volume 1).

  • Johnson, Samuel, 1709-1784.
Date:
1819
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Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: A dictionary of the English language: in which the words are deduced from their originals, and illustrated in their different significations by examples from the best writers : to which are prefixed a history of the language, and an English grammar (Volume 1). Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by the National Library of Medicine (U.S.), through the Medical Heritage Library. The original may be consulted at the National Library of Medicine (U.S.)

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    To Affe'ak, af-fere.227 v. n. [from affier, Fr.] To confirm; to give a sanction to; to establish: an old term of law. Bleed, bleed, poor country! Great tyranny, lay thou thy basis sure! For goodness dares not check thee: His Title is affear'd. Shaksp. Macbeth. Affe'ot, af-fekt'. n. s. [from the verb af- fect^ 1. Affection; passion; sensation. It seemeth that, as the feet have a sympathy with the head, so the wrists have a sympathy with the heart: we see, the affects and passions of the heart and spirits are notably disclosed by the pulse. Bacon's Met. Hist. No. 97. 2. Quality; circumstance. I find it difficult, to make-out one single ulcer, as authors describe it; without other symptoms or af- fects, joined to it. Wiseman. This is only the antiquated word, tor affection. To AFFE'CT, af-fekt'. v. a. [affecter,Fr. officio, affectum, Lat.] 1. To act upon; to produce effects, in any other thing. The sun Had first his precept, so to move, so shine, As might affect the earth with cold and heat, Scarce tolerable. Milton's'Par. Lost, b. x. The generality of men are wholly governed by names, in matters of good and evil; so far as these qualities relate to, and affect, the actions of men. SoutWs Sermons. Yet even those two particles, do reciprocally affect each other, with the same force and vigour; as they would do, at the same distance, in any other situa- tion imaginable. Bentley's Sermons. 2. To move the passions. As a thinking man cannot but be very much af- fected, with the idea of his appearing in the presence of that Being, whom none can see and live: he must be much more affected, when lie considers, that this Being, whom he appears before, will examine the actions of his life, and reward or punish him accord- ingly. Addison, Spectator, No. 513. 3. To aim at; to endeavour after: spoken of persons. Atrides broke His silence next, but ponder'd ere he spoke: Wise are thy words, and glad I would obey, But this proud man affects imperial sway. Drydcn. 4. To tend to; to endeavour after: spoken of things. The drops of every fluid affect a round figure, by the mutual attraction of their parts; as the globe of the earth and sea affects a round figure, by the mutu- al attraction of its parts by gravity. Neicton. 5. To be fond of; to be pleased with; to love; to regard with fondness. That little, which some of the heathen did chance to hear, concerning such matter as the sacred Scrip- ture plentifully containeth, they did in wonderful sort affect. Hooker, b. i. There is your crown; And he that wears the crown immortally, Long guard it yours! If I affect it more, Than as your honour, and as your renown; Let me no more from this obedience rise. Shaksp. Think not, that wars we love, and strife affect; Or that we hate sweet peace. Fairfax, b. ii. None but a woman, could a man direct, To tell us women, what we most affect. Dryden. 6. To make a shew of something; to study the appearance of any thing; with some degree of hypocrisy. Another nymph, amongst the many fair, Before the rest affected still to stand; And watch'd my eye, preventing my command. These often carry the humour so far, till their VOL. 1. AFF affected coldness and indifference quite kills all the fondness of a lover. Jiddison, Spectator, No. 111. Coquet and coy at once her air, Both studied, though both seem neglected; Careless she is with artful care, Affecting to seem unaffected. Congreve. The conscious husband, whom like symptoms seize, Charges on her the guilt of their disease; Affecting fury, acts a madman's part; He'll rip the fatal secret from her heart. Granville. . To imitate in an unnatural and con- strained manner. Spenser, in affecting the ancients, writ no lan- guage; yet I would have him read for his matter, but as Virgil read Ennius. Ben Jonsoris Discoveries. . To convict of some crime; to attaint with guilt: a phrase, merely juridical. By the civil law, if a dowry with a wife be pro- mised and not paid, the husband is not obliged to allow her alimony: but, if her parents shall become insolvent by some misfortune, she shall have alimo- ny; unless you can affect them with fraud, in pro- mising, what they knew they were not able to per- form. Ayliffe's Parergon. Affecta'tion, af-fek-ta'shun. n. s. [af- fectalio, Lat.] 1. Fondness; high degree of liking; com- monly with some degree of culpability. In things of their own nature indifferent, if either councils or particular men have at any time, with sound judgment, misliked conformity between the church of God and infidels; the cause thereof hath been somewhat else, than only affectation of dissi- militude. Hooker, b. iv. § 7. 2. An artificial show; an elaborate appear- ance; a false pretence. It has been (from age to age) an affectation, to love the pleasure of solitude, among those, who can- not possibly be supposed qualified for passing life in that manner. Spectator, No. 264. Affe'cted, af-fek'ted. fiarticip.ial adj. [from affect.] 1. Moved; touched with affection; inter- nally disposed or inclined. No marvel then, if he were ill affected. Shaksp. The model they seemed affected to, in their di- rectory, was not like to any of the foreign reformed churches now in the world. Clarendon. 2. Studied with over-much care, or with hypocritical appearance. These antick, lisping, affected phantasies, these new tuners of accents. Shaksp. Romeo and Juliet, 3. In a personal sense, full of affectation; as, an affected lady. Affe'ctedly, af-fek'ted-le. adv. [from affected. In an affected manner; hypocritically; with more appearance, than reality. Perhaps they are affectedly ignorant: they are so willing, it should be true, that they have not attempt- ed to examine it. Government of the Tongue, § 5. Some indeed have been so affectedly vain, as to counterfeit immortality; and have stolen their death, in hopes to be esteemed immortal. Brown. By talking so familiarly of one hundred and ten thousand pounds, by a tax upon a few commodities, it is plain; you are either naturally or affectedly ig- norant of our condition. Sivift. 2. Studiously; with laboured intention. Some mispersuasions, concerning the divine at- tributes, tend to the corrupting men's manners; as if they were designed, and affectedly chosen, for that purpose. Decay of Piety. Affe'cteoness, af-fek'ted-neW. n. s [from affected.'] The quality, of being af- fected, or of making false appearances AFFE'CTION, af-feVstmn. n. s. [affec- tion^ Fr. affectio, Lat.] AFF 1. The state, of being affected by any cause or agent. This general sense is little in use. Some men there are, love not a gaping pig; Some, that are mad, if they behold a cat; And others, when the bag-pipe sings i' th' nose, Cannot contain their urine for affection. Sliaksp 2. Passion of any kind. Then gan the Palmer thus: most wretched man, That to affections does the bridle lend; In their beginning they are weak and wan, But soon through sufferance grow to fearful end. Fairy Queen. Impute it to my late solitary life, which is prone to affections. Sidney, b. i Affections (as, joy, grief, fear and anger, with such like) being (as it were) the sundry fashions and forms of appetite, can neither rise at the conceit of a thing indifferent, nor yet choose but rise at the sight of some things. Hooker, b. i. To speak truth of Cajsar; I have not known, when his affections sway'd More than his reason. Shaksp. Julius Cottar. Zeal ought to be composed of the highest degrees of pious affections; of which some are milder and gentler, some sharper and more vehement. Sprat. I can present nothing beyond this to your affec- tions; to excite your love and desire. Tillolson. 3. Love; kindness; good-will to some per- sons: often with to or towards, before the person. I have acquainted yon, With the dear love I bear to fair Anne Page, Who mutually hath answer'd my affection. Shaksp. My king is tangled in affection, to A creature of the queen's, lady Anne Bullen. Shahs. What warmth is there in your affections, tmvards any of these princely suitors? Shaksp. Mer. of Venice. Make his interest depend, upon mutual affection and good correspondence with others. Collier. Nor at first sight, like most, admires the fair: For you he lives; and you alone shall share His last affection, as his early care. Pope. 4. Good-will to any object; zeal; passion- ate regard. I have reason, to distrust mine own judgment; as that, which may be overborn by my zeal and affec- tion to this cause. Bacon. Set your affection upon my words; desire tliem, and ye shall be instructed. Wisdom, vi. 11. His integrity to the king was without blemish; and his affection to the church so notorious, that he never deserted it. Clarendon. All the precepts of Christianity command us, to moderate our passions, to temper our affections, to- wards all things below. Temple. Let not the mind of a student be under the influ- ence of warm affections to things of sense, when he comes to the search of truth. Watts. 5. State of the mind, in general. There grows, In my most ill compos'd affection, such A stanchless avarice; that were I kins;, I should cut-off the nobles for their lands. Shafoj The man, that hath no musick in himself, Nor is not mov'd with concord of sweet sounds, Is fit for treasons, stratagems, and spoils; The motions of his spirit are dull as night, And his affections dark as Erebus: Let no such man be trusted. Shaksp. Mer. of Venice 6. Quality; property. The certainity and acurateness, which is a'tribu- ted to what mathematicians deliver, must be re- strained to what they teach, concerning those pure- ly mathematical disciplines, arithmetick and geome- try; where the affections of quantity are abstracted- ly considered. Boyle. The mouth, being necessary to condnct the voice to the shape of its cavity, necessarily gives (he u.ice- some particular affection of sound in its passage, be- fore it come to the lips. H( /rf< rs Elan nls of Speech. God may have joined immaterial souls to otter kinds of bodies, and in other laws of union: