A dictionary of the English language: in which the words are deduced from their originals, and illustrated in their different significations by examples from the best writers : to which are prefixed a history of the language, and an English grammar (Volume 1).

  • Johnson, Samuel, 1709-1784.
Date:
1819
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Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: A dictionary of the English language: in which the words are deduced from their originals, and illustrated in their different significations by examples from the best writers : to which are prefixed a history of the language, and an English grammar (Volume 1). Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by the National Library of Medicine (U.S.), through the Medical Heritage Library. The original may be consulted at the National Library of Medicine (U.S.)

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    from those different laws of union, there will arise quite different affections, and natures, and species of the compound beings. Bentley's Sermons. 7. State of the body, as acted upon by any cause. It seemed to me a venereal gonorrhoea; and others thought, it arose from some scorbutical affection. Wiseman's Surgery. 8. Lively representation in painting. Affection is the lively representmcnt of any pas- sion whatsoever; as if the figures stood, not upon a cloth or board, but as if they were acting upon a stage. Wotton's Jlrcliitecture. 9. It is used by Shakspeare sometimes, for affectation. There was nothing in it, that could indict the au- thor of affection. Shaksp. Affe'ctionate, af-fek'shun-ate. adj.[af- fectionne, Fr. from affection^] 1. Full of affection; strongly moved; warm, zealous. In their love of God, and desire to please him, men can never be too affectionate; and it is as true, that, in their hatred of sin, men may be sometimes too passionate. Sprat's Sermons. 2. Strongly inclined to; disposed to: with the particle to. As for the parliament, it presently took fire; being affectionate of old to the war of France. Bacon. 3. Fond; tender. He found me sitting; beholding this picture, I know not with how affectionate countenance; but, I am sure, with a most affectionate mind. Sidney. Away they fly, Affectionate; and, undesiring, bear The most delicious morsel to their young. Thomson. 4. Benevolent; tender. When we reflect, on all this affectionate care of Providence for our happiness; with what wonder must we observe the little effect'it has on men! Rogers's Sermons. Affe'ctionate ly, af-fek'shun-ate-le. adv. [from affectionate.] In an affection- ate manner; fondly; tenderly; benevo- lently. AFFE'cTioNATENESS^f-fek'shun-ate-ness. n. s. [from affectionate.] The quality or state, of being affectionate; fond- ness; tenderness; good-will; benevo- lence. Affe'ctioned, af-fek'shund.359 adj. [from affection,'] 1. Affected; conceited. This sense is now obsolete. An affectioned ass, that cons state without book, and utters it by great swaths. Shaksp. 2. Inclined; mentally disposed. ' Be kindly affectioned one to another. Rom. xii.10. AFFE'cTiousLY,af-fek'shus-le. adv. [from affect.] In an affecting- manner. Diet. Affe'ctive, af-fek'tiv. adj. [from affect.'] That, which affects; that, which strong- ly touches. It is generally used for pain- ful. Pain is so uneasy a sentiment; that veiy little of it is enough, to corrupt every enjoyment; and the effect, God intends this variety of ungrateful and affective, sentiments should have on us, is, to reclaim oui' affections from this valley of tears Rogers. Affeotuo'sity, af-fek-tshu-os'se-te. n. s. [from affectuous.] Passionateness. Diet. affe'ctuous, af-fek-tshu-us, adj. [from affect.~]Yu\\ of passion; as, an affectuous speech: a word, little used. To Affe're, af-fere'. v. a. [affier, Fr.] A law term, signifying to confirm. See To Affear. AFFE'RORs,af-fe-rur.314n. s. [from affere.] Such as are appointed in court-leets, 8fc. upon oath, to mulct such as have committed faults, arbi- trarily punishable, and have no express penalty set down by statute. Cowell. AFFI'ANCE, af-fi'anse. n. s. [affiance, from affi.tr, Fr.] 1. A marriage-contract. At last such grace I found, and means I wrought, That I that lady to my spouse had won; Accord of friends, consent of parents sought, Affiance made, my happiness begun. Fairy Queen. 2. Trust, in general; confidence; secure reliance. The duke is virtuous, mild; and too well given, To dream on evil, or to work my downfall.— Ah! what's more dangerous, than this fond affiance? Seems he a dove? his feathers are but borrowed. Shaksp. Henry VI. 3. Trust in the divine promises and pro- tection. To this sense it is now almost confined. Religion receives man, into a covenant of grace; where there is pardon reached-out, to all truly pe- nitent sinners, and assistance promised, and en- gaged, and bestowed, upon very easy conditions; viz. humility, prayer, and affiance in him. Hammond's Fundamentals. There can be no surer way to success, than by disclaiming all confidence in ourselves, and refer- ring the events of things to God with an implicit affianca. Attcrbnry's Sermons- To Affi'anoe, af-i'anse. v. a. [from the noun affiance.] 1. To betroth; to bind any one by promise to marriage. To me, (sad maid, or rather widow sad) He was affianced, long time before; And sacred pledges he both gave and had; False errant knight, infamous and foreswore. Fairy Queen. Her should Angelo have married, was affianced to her by oath, and the nuptial appointed; between which time of the contract, and limit of the solem- nity, her brother was wrecked, having in that ves- sel the dowry of his sister. Shakspeare. 2. To give confidence. Stranger! whoe'er 'thou art, securely rest Affianc'd in my faith, a friendly guest. Pope's Odys. Affi'ancer, af-fi'an-sur. n. s. [from af- fianced] He, that makes a contract of marriage between two parties. Diet. AFFiDA'TioNjaf-fe-da'shun. > n.s.[from AFFiDA'TURE,affe'-da-tshure. } affido, Lat. See Affied.] Mutual contract; mutual oath of fidelity. Diet. Affida'vit, af-fe-da'vit. n. s. [affidavit signifies, in the language of the com- mon law, he made oath.^ A declaration upon oath. You said, if I return'd next 'size in Lent, I should be in remitter of your grace; In th' interim, my letters should take place Of affidavits. Donne. Count Rechteren should have made affidavit, that his servants had been affronted; and then Monsieur Mesnager would have done him justice. Spectator. Affi'ed, af-fi'ed. participial adj. [from the verb affu, derived from affido, Lat. Bracton using the phrase affidare muli- eres.] Joined by contract; affianced. Be we affied, and such assurance ta'en, As shall with either part's agreement stand. Shaks. Affilia'tion, af-fii-le-a'shun. n. s. [from ad zntii filius, Lat.] Adoption; the act of taking a son. Chambers. A'FFiNAGE^rfe-naje.^w.s^a^no^fjFr.] The act of refining metals by the cuppel. Diet. Affi'ned, af-fi'ned.363 adj. [from affinis, Lat.] joined by affinity to another; re- lated to another. If partially affin'd, or leagu'd in office, Thou dost deliver more or less than truth, Thou art no soldier. Shaksp. Othello. Affi'nity, af-fi'ne-te.611 n. s. [affinite, Fr. from affinis, Lat.] 1. Relation by marriage; relation con- tracted, by the husband to the kindred of the wife, and by the wife to those of the husband. It is opposed to co?isan- guinity, or relation by birth. In this sense it has sometimes the particle with, and sometimes to, before the person to whom the relation is con* tracted. They had left none alive; by the blindness of rage killing many guiltless persons, either for affinity to the tyrant, or enmity to the tyrant-killers. Sidney. And Solomon made affinity with Pharaoh king ol Egypt, and took Pharaoh's daughter. 1 Kings, iii. ]. A breach was made with France itself, notwith- standing so strait an affinity, so lately accomplished; as if indeed (according to that pleasant maxim oj state) kingdoms were never married. tVotlon. 2. Relation to; connexion with; resem- blance to: spoken of things. The British tongue or Welsh was in use, only in this island; having great affinity with the old Gal- lick. Camden. All things, that have affinity with the heavens, move upon the center of another, which they be- nefit. Bacon, Essay, xxiv. The art of painting hath wonderful affinity Kith that of poetry. Di-yd. Dufresnoy, Pref. Man is more distinguished, by devotion than by reason; as several brute creatures discover some- thing like reason; though they betray not anything, that bears the least affinity to devotion, Addison, To AFFI'RM, af-ferm'.108 v. n. [affirmo, Lat.] To declare; to tell confidently: opposed to the word deny. Yet their own authors faithfully affirm, That the land Salike lies in Germany, Between the floods of Sala and of Elve. Shaksp. To Affi'rm, af-ferm'. v. a. 1. To declare positively; as, to affirm a fact. 2. To ratify or approve a former law, or judgment: opposed to reverse or repeal. The house of peers hath a power of judicature in some cases, properly to examine, and then to affirm; or, if there be cause, to reverse the judgments, which have been given in the court of king's bench. Bacon's Advice to Sir G. Villitrs. In this sense we say, to affirm the truth, Affi'rmable, af-feVma-bl. adj. [froma/- firm.] That, which may be affirmed. Those attributes and conceptions, that were ap- plicable and affirmable of him when present, are now affirmable and applicable to him though past. Hale's Origin of Mankind. Affi'rmance, af-feVmanse. n. s. [from affirm.] Confirmation: opposed to repeal. This statute did but restore an ancient statute, which was itself also made but in affirmance of the common law. Bacon. Affi'rm a nt, af-feYmant. n. s. [from af- firm.] The person, that affirms; a de- clarer. Diet.