A dictionary of the English language: in which the words are deduced from their originals, and illustrated in their different significations by examples from the best writers : to which are prefixed a history of the language, and an English grammar (Volume 1).

  • Johnson, Samuel, 1709-1784.
Date:
1819
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: A dictionary of the English language: in which the words are deduced from their originals, and illustrated in their different significations by examples from the best writers : to which are prefixed a history of the language, and an English grammar (Volume 1). Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by the National Library of Medicine (U.S.), through the Medical Heritage Library. The original may be consulted at the National Library of Medicine (U.S.)

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    For children, house, provision, taking pain; They're all but ants, carrying eggs, straw, and grain. Donne. Learn each small people's genius, policies; The anVs republick, and the realm of bees. Pope. Ant-bear, ant'bare.73 n. s. [from ant and bear.] An animal that feeds on ants. Divers quadrupeds feed upon insects; and some live wholly upon them; as two sorts of tamanduas upon ants, which therefore are called in English ant-bears. Ray- Ant-hill, or hillock, ant'hil. n. s. [from ant and hill.'] The small protuberances of earth, in which ants make their nests. Put blue flowers into an ant-hill, they will be stain- ed with red; because the ants drop upon them their stinging liquor, which hath the effect of oil of vitriol. Ray Those, who have seen ant-hitlocks, have easily perceived those small heaps of corn about their nests. Addison. An't, ant. A contraction for and it, or rather and if it; as, an't fdease you; that is, and if it fdease you. Anta'gonist, an-tag'6-nlst. n. s. [uvrl and «y •»«'£«.] 1. One who contends with another; an op- ponent. It implies generally a personal and particular opposition. Our antagonists in these controversies may have met with some not unlike to Ithacius. Hooker What was set before him, To heave, pull, draw, and break, he still perform'd, None daring to appear antagonist. Milton. It is not fit, that the history of a person should appear, till the prejudice both of his antagonists and adherents be softened and subdued. Addison. 2. Contrary. The short club consists of those, who are under five feet; ours is to be composed of such, as are above six. These we look upon, as the two ex- tremes and antagonists of the species; considering all those as neuters, who fill up the middle space. Addison. 3. In anatomy, the antagonist is that mus- cle which counteracts some other. A relaxation of a muscle must produce a spasm in its antagonist, because the equilibrium is destroy- ed. Arbuthnot. To Anta'gonize, an-tag'6-nize. v. n. [from «vtJ and «y*>v/^».J To contend against another. Diet. Anta'lgjck, an-tal'jik. adj. [from «»ti against, and Hx-/©*, pain ] That which softens pain; anodyne. AJVTANACLASIS, ant-a-na-kla'sls. n. s. [Lat. from <*v7*»«»*^*o-'«, from *v7«»x*A<*« to drive back/] 1. A figure in rhetorick, when the same word is repeated in a different, if not in a contrary signification; as, In thy youth learn some craft, that in old age thou mayst get thy living without craft. Craft, in the first place, signifies sci- ence or occupation; in the second, de- ceit or subtility. 2. It is also a returning to the matter at the end of a long parenthesis; as, Shall that heart, (which does not only feel them, but hath all motion of his life pla- ced in them) shall that heart, / say, &c. Smith's Rhetorick. Antaphrodi'tick, ant-a-fr6-dit'ik. adj. [from xvti against, and 'A^eS'irti, Ve- nus.] That which is efficacious against the venereal disease. ANTAPOPLE'cTicK,ant-ap-po.plek'tik.arf/. [«»ti against, and <*?raa-A>>|/? an apo- plexy.] Good against an apoplexy. Anta'rctick, an-tark'tlk. adj. [«i»t/ ar gainst, and <*f *7^, the bear or northern constellation.] The southern pole, so called, as being opposite to the northern. Downward as far as antarclick. Milton. They that had 6ail'd from near th' antarclick pole, Their treasure safe, and all their vessels whole, In sight of their dear country ruined be, Without the guilt of either rock or sea. Waller. Antarthri'tick, int-kv-thrll'ik.adj. [uvrl against, and a^nts, the gout. Good against the gout. Antasthma'tick, ant-ast-mat'tik. adj. [from «vri and aJo-.^*.] Good against the asthma. A'NTH, an'te. A Latin particle signify- ing before, which is frequently used in composition; as, antediluvian, before the flood; antechamber, a chamber lead- ing into another apartment. A'ntkaot, an'te-akt. n. s. [from ante and act..] A former act. Anteambula'tion, an-te-am-bu-la'shun. n. s. [from ante and ambulatio, Lat.] A walking before. Diet. To ANTECE'DE,an-te-sede'. v. a. [from ante, before, and cedo, to go.] To pre- cede; to go before. It seems consonant to reason, that the fabrick of the world did not long antecede its motion. Hale. Antece'dence, an-te-se'dense. n. s. [from antecede.] The act or state of going before; precedence. It is impossible, that mixed bodies can be eter- nal ; because there is necessarily a pre-existence of simple bodies, and an antecedente of their constitu- tion, preceding the existence of mixed bodiee. Hale. Antece'dent, an-te-se'dent. adj. [antece- dens, Lat.] 1. Going before; preceding. Antecedent is used, I think, only with regard to time, firecedent with regard both to time and place. To assert, that God looked upon Adam's fall as a sin, and punished it, when (without any antecedent sin of his) it was impossible for him not to fall; seems a thing that highly reproaches essential equity and goodness. South. 2. It has to before the thing which is sup- posed to follow. No one is so hardy as to say, God is in his debt; that he owed him a nobler being: for existence must be antecedent to merit. Collier. Did the blood first exist, antecedent to the forma- tion of the heart? But that is, to set the effect be- fore the cause. Bentley. Antece'dent, an-te-se'dent. n. s. [antece- dens, Lat.] 1. That which goes before. A duty of so mighty an influence, that it is in- deed the necessary antecedent, if not also the direct cause of a sinner's return to God. South. 2. In grammar, the noun to which the re- lative is subjoined; as, the man who comes hither. Let him learn the right joining of substantives with adjectives, the noun with the verb, and the re- lative with the antecedent. Ascham. 3. In logick, the first proposition of an en- ANT thymeme, or argument consisting only of two propositions. Conditional or hypothetical propositions are those, whose parts are united by the conditional particle;/, as, if the sun be fixed, the earth must move; (/there be no fire, there will be no smoke. The first part of these propositions, or that wherein the condition is contained, is called the antecedent; the other is called the consequent. Watts's Logick Antecedently, an-te-se'dent-le. udv [from antecedent.] In the state of an- tecedence, or going before; previously. We consider him antecedently to his creation, while he yet Jay in the barren womb of nothing, and only in the number of possibilities. South ^AT^C£'550i?,an-te-ses'sur.n.s.[Lat.] One who goes before, or leads another; the principal. Diet. Antecha'mber, an'te-tsham-bur, n. s. [from ante before, and chamber; it h generally written, improperly, anti- chamber^] The chamber that leads to the chief apartment. The empress has the antichambers past, And this way moves with a disordcr'd haste. Dryd. His antichamber, and room of audience, are little square chambers wainscoted. Addison- ANTECU'RSOR, an-te-kur'sur. n. s. [Lat ] One who runs before. Diet. To A'ntedate, an'te-d&te. v. a. [from ante, and do, datum, Lat.] 1. To date earlier than the real time, so as to confer a fictitious antiquity. Now thou hast lov'd me one whole day; To-morrow, when thou leav'st, what wilt thou say? Wilt thou then antedate some new-made vow, Or say, that now We are not just those persons, which we were? Bonne. By reading, a man does (as it were) antedate his life, and make himself contemporary with the ages past. Collier. 2. To take something before the proper time. Our joys below it can improve, And antedate the bliss above. Pope. Antedilu'vian, an-te-de-lu'v6-an. adj. [from ante before, and diluvium, a de- luge.] 1. Existing before the deluge. During the time of the deluge, all the stone and marble of the antediluvian earth were totally dis- solved. Woodward. 2. Relating to things existing before the deluge. The text intends only the line of Seth, condu- ceable unto the genealogy of our Saviour, and the antediluvian chronology. Broun's Vulg. Err. Antedilu'vian, an-te-de-lu've-an, n. s. One that lived before the flood. We are so far from repining at God, that he had not extended the period of our lives to the longevity of the antediluvians; that we give him thanks for contracting the days of our trial. Bcntlen. A'ntelope, an'te-lope. n. a, [The etymo- logy is uncertain] A goat with curled or wreathed horns. The antelope, and wolf both fierce and fell. Spent*. Antemeri'dian, an-te-me-rldj-e-an.2fl* 376 807 adj. [from ante, before, and meridian, noon.] Before noon. Anteme'tick, ant-e-met'ik. adj. [«vt< against, and n^iu to vomit.] That, which has the power of calming the stomach; of preventing or stopping vomiting.