A dictionary of the English language: in which the words are deduced from their originals, and illustrated in their different significations by examples from the best writers : to which are prefixed a history of the language, and an English grammar (Volume 1).

  • Johnson, Samuel, 1709-1784.
Date:
1819
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Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: A dictionary of the English language: in which the words are deduced from their originals, and illustrated in their different significations by examples from the best writers : to which are prefixed a history of the language, and an English grammar (Volume 1). Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by the National Library of Medicine (U.S.), through the Medical Heritage Library. The original may be consulted at the National Library of Medicine (U.S.)

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    Antioita'tion, an-tis-se-pa'shun. n. s. [from anticipate.] 1. The act of taking up something before its time. The golden number gives the new moon four days too late, by reason of the aforesaid anticipa- tion and our negleet of it. Holder. It is not enough, to be miserable when the time comes; unless we make ourselves so beforehand, and by anticipation. VEstrange. 2. Foretaste. If we really live under the hope of future happi- ness, we shall taste it by way of anticipation and forethought; an image of it will meet our minds often, and stay there, as all pleasing expectations do. Alterbury. 3. Opinion implanted before the reasons of that opinion can be known. The east and west, the north and south, have the same anticipation concerning one supreme disposer of things. Stillingfleet. What nation is there, that, without any teaching, have not a kind of anticipation, or preconceived no- tion of a Deity? Denham. A'ntick, an'tik. adj. [probably from an- tiquus ancient, as things out of use ap- pear old.] Odd; ridiculously wild; buffoon in gesticulation. What! dares the slave Come hither covered with an antick face, And fleer and scorn at our solemnity? Shakspeare's Romeo and Juliet. Of all our antick sights, and pageantry, Which English idiots run in crowds to see. Dryd. The prize was to be conferred upon the whistler, that could go through his tune without laughing, though provoked by the antick postures of a merry Andrew, who was to play tricks. Addison. A'ntick, an'tik. n. s. 1. He that plays anticks; he that uses odd gesticulation; a buffoon. Within the hollow crown, That rounds the mortal temples of a king, Keeps death his court; and there the antick sits, Scoffing his state. Shakspeare. If you should smile, he grows impatient.— Fear not, my lord, we can contain ourselves, Were he the veriest antick in the world. Shaksp. 2. Odd appearance. A work of rich entail and curiom mould, Woven with anticks and wild imagery. Fairy Q. For, ev'n at first reflection, she espies Such toys, such anticks, and such vanities; As she retires and shrieks, for shame and fear. Davies. To A'ntick, an'tik. v. a. [from antick.] To make antick. Mine own tongue Splits what it speaks; the wild disguise hath almost Antickt us all. Shakspeare. Vntickly, an'tik-le. adv. [from antick.] In an antick manner; with odd postures; wild gesticulations, or fanciful appear- ance. Scrambling, out-facing, fashion-mongring boys; That lye, and cog, and flout, deprave, and slander, Go tmtiekly, and shew an outward hideousness, And speak of half a dozen dangerous words. Shaksp. ANTICLIMAX, an-te-kii'maks. re. s. [from cttTi, and xA<'/w.«g a ladder.] A sentence, in which the last part expres- ses something lower than the fi st. A certain figure, which was unknown to the an- cients, is called by some an anticlimax. Addison. This distich is frequently mentioned as an exam- ple: Next conies Dalhoussey, the great god of war, Lieutenant col'nel to the earl of Mar. Avitconvu'lsive, an-tt-con-vul'siv. adj. VOL. I. [from utr) against, and convulsive.'] Good against convulsions. Whatsover produces an inflammatory disposition in the blood, produces the asthma, as anticonvuk'ue medicines. Floyer. A'JVTICOIi, an'te-kor. n. s. [from «vt}, against and cor the heart.] A preternatural swelling of a round figure, occa- sioned by a sanguine and bilious humour, and ap- pealing in a horse's breast, opposite to his heart. An anticor may kill a horse, unless it be brought to a suppuration by good remedies. Farrier's Diet. Antico'urtikr, an-te-core'tshur. n. s. [from «vt( against, and courtier.] One that opposes the court. A'ntidotal, an'te-do'tal. adj. [from anti- dote.] That which has the quality of an antidote, or the power of counteracting poison. That bezoar is antidotal, we shall not deny. Brown. Animals, that can innoxiously digest these poi- sons, become antidotal to the poison digested. Brown's Vulgar Errours. A'ntidote, an'te-dote. n. s. [<«vt/^<j?^, an- tidotus,L,zt.]A thing given in opposition to something else. A medicine, given to expel the mischiefs of ano- ther, as of poison. Quincy. Trust not the physician; His antidotes are poison, and lie slays More than you rob. Shakspeare. What fool would believe that antidote, delivered by Pierius, against the sting of a scorpion? to sit up- on an ass, with one's face towards his tail. Brown's Vulgar Errours. Poison will work against the stars: beware; For ev'ry meal an antidote prepare. Dryden, jun. Antidysente'riok, an-te-dis-sen-ter'ik. adj. [from «vr< against, and dysenteria a bloody flux.] Good against the bloody flux. Antife'brile, an-te-feb'ril.140 adj. [from cevr) against, and febris a fever.] Good against fevers. Antifebrile medicines check the ebullition. Floyer. Antilo'garithm, an-te-log'a-ri^m. n. s. [from etvr) against, and logarithm.! The complement of the logarithm of a sine, tan- gent, or secant; or the difference of that logarithm, from the logarithm of ninety degrees. Chambers. Anti'logy, an-til'6-je.sis n. s. [etvriXoytx.] A contradiction between any words and passages in an author. Diet. Anti'loquist, an-til'16-kwist. n. s. [from etvri against, and loquor to speak.] A contradictor. Diet. Antimona'rchical, an-te-mo-nar'ke-kal. adj. [from <*vt< against, and ^,ov«^%/« go- vernment by a single person.] Against government by a single person. When he spied the statue of king Charles in the middle of the crowd, and most of the kings ranged over their heads; he concluded, that an antimo- narchical assembly could never choose such a place. Addison. ANTiMONA'RCHicALNEss,an-te-m6-nar'ke- kal-ness. re. s. [from anti/nonarchical.] The quality of being em enemy to regal power. Antimo'nial, an-te-mo'ne-al. adj. [from antimony.'] Made of antimony; having the qualities of antimony; relating to an- timony. They were got out of the reach of antimonial fumes. Qrew M Though antimonial cups, prepar'd with art, Their force to wine through ages should impart; This dissipation, this profuse expence, Nor shrinks their size, nor wastes their- stores im- mense. Blackmorc. A'NTIMONY, an'te-mim-e.6 n. s. [The stibium of the ancients, by the Greeks called ripf-Li. The reason of its modern denomination is referred to Basil Valen- tine, a German monk; who, as the tra- dition relates, having thrown some of it to the hogs, observed that, after it had purged them heartily, they immediately fattened; and therefore he imagined his fellow monks would be the better for a like dose. The experiment, however, succeeded so ill, that they all died of it; and the medicine was thenceforward called antimoine, antimonk.] Antimony is a mineral substance, of a metalline nature, having all the seeming characters of a real metal, except malleability; and may be called a se- mimetal, being a fossile glebe of some undetermined metal, combined with a sulphurous and stony sub- stance. Mines of all metals afford it; that in gold mines is reckoned best. It has also its own mines in Hungary, Germany, and France. Its texture is full of little shining veins or threads, like needles; brit- tle as glass. Sometimes veins of a red or golden co- lour are intermixed, which is called male antimony; that without them being denominated female anti- mony. It fuses in the fire, though with some difficul- ty; and dissolves more easily in water. It destroys and dissipates all metals fused with it, except gold; and is therefore useful in refining. It is a common ingredient in speculums, or burning concaves; serv- ing to give them a finer polish. It makes a part in bell metal; and renders the sound more clear. It is mingled with tin, to make it more hard, white, and sound; and with lead, in the casting of printers' let- ters, to render them more smooth and firm. It is a general help in the melting of metals, and especially in casting of cannon balls. In pharmacy it is used under various forms, and with various intentions, chiefly as an emetick. Chambers. Antinephri'tick, an'te-ne-frit'ik. adj. [from <«vt/ and v£^^'nxo?.] Medicines good against diseases of the reins and kidneys. A'ntinomy, an-tin'6-me.818 n.s. [fromavW and »e^,«5.] A contradiction between two laws, or two articles of the same law. Antinomies are almost unavoidable in such varie- ty of opinions and answers. Baker. Antiparaly'tick, an'te-par-a-lit-ik. adj. [from ctvri and ■srtstguhvtrti;.] Efficacious against the palsy. Antipathe'tical, an'te-pa-Met'e-kal. adj. [from antipathy.] Having a natural con- trariety to any thing. The soil is fat and luxurious, and antipathetical to all venomous creatures. Hoivel's Vocal Forest. Antipathe'ticalness, an'te-pa-Met'e- kal-ness. re. s. [from antipathetical.] The quality or state of having a natural contrariety to any thing. Diet. ANTI'PATHY, an-tlp'a-^e.8 n. s. [from avr) against, and <sr«.Jo{ feeling; anti/iathie, Fr.] 1. A natural contrariety to any thing, so as to shun it involuntarily; aversion; dis- like. It is opposed to sympathy. No contraries hold more antipathy, Than I and such a knave. Shakspeare. To this perhaps might be justly attributed most of the sympathies and antipathies observable in men. Locke