Volume 1

Universal pronouncing dictionary of biography and mythology / by Joseph Thomas.

  • Joseph Thomas
Date:
1911, ©1908
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: Universal pronouncing dictionary of biography and mythology / by Joseph Thomas. Source: Wellcome Collection.

    1397/1486 (page 1379)
    Jeffreys, (George,) an English poet, born in North¬ amptonshire in 1678. He studied at Cambridge, and was admitted to the bar, but never practised. Among his productions were several tragedies, and an oratorio, entitled “The Triumph of Truth.” Died in 1755. See Baker, “ Biographia Dramatica.” Jeffreys, (John Gwyn,) a Welsh naturalist, born at Swansea, January 18, 1809. He became a solicitor, and in 1856 was called to the bar at Lincoln’s Inn, but retired from the profession in 1866. His principal work is “British Conchology,” (5 vols., 1862-69.) Died in 1885. Jeffries, jeffr£z, (John,) M.D., an American physi¬ cian, born in Boston in 1744. He graduated at Harvard in 1763, and took his medical degree at Edinburgh. In the Revolution he sided with the British, and became surgeon-major to the royal army in America. In 1780 he resumed his profession in London. While making some investigations in atmospheric temperature, in 1785, he crossed from England to France in a balloon. This was the first successful experiment in aeronautics on an extensive scale. He returned to Boston in 1789. and died in 1819. Jeh&n-Geer or Jahangir, j$-h§ngeer', written also Djalianguir, Djehanguire, Djahan Ghyr, and Dschehangir, (i.e. the “Conqueror of the World,”) one of the Mogul emperors of Hindostan, succeeded his father, the great Akbar, in 1605. Jehangeer left Memoirs of his own life. He died in 1627. He inherited nothing of the ability of his father. It was during the reign of this emperor that the celebrated embassy of Sir Thomas Roe arrived from England at the court of Delhi. See Collin de Bar, “Histoire de l’lnde;” “London Quarterly Review” for March, 1834. Je-ho'a-haz, [Heb.inxin’j Fr. Joachaz, zho't'kiz',1 son of Jehu, ascended the throne of Israel 856 b.c., and reigned seventeen years. See II. Kings xiii. 1-10. Jehoahaz, also called Shallum, succeeded his father Josiah on the throne of Judah, and reigned three months )ied about 610 b.c. See II. Chronicles xxxvi. 1-4. Jehoash. See Joash. Je-hoi'a-kim, [Heb. ; Fr. Joachim, zho'IF- k&N', ] whose name was changed by Pharaoh-Necho from Eliakim, succeeded to the throne of Judah 608 b.c., and reigned eleven years. See II. Chronicles xxxvi. 4-9. Je-hoi'a-kin or Jec-o-nI'ah was the son of the pre¬ ceding, whom he succeeded as King of Judah in 597 B.c., and reigned three months. See II. Kings xxiv.; II. Chronicles xxxvi. 8-10. Je-ho'ram or Jo'ram, [Heb. King of Israel, son of Ahab, succeeded to the throne 896 B.c. He was killed in battle by Jehu in 884 b.c. See II. Kings i.-x. Jehoram or Joram, son of Jehoshaphat, ascended the throne of Judah 893 or 892 b.c. Died in 885 or 884. See II. Kings viii. 15-25; II. Chronicles xxi. Je-hosh'a-phat, [Heb. t93t8fl5T; Gr. 'Icjaa<par; Fr. Tosaphat, z’ho'zt'flt',] King of Judah, a son of Asa, was born about 950 b.c. He began to reign in 914, formed an alliance with Ahab, King of Israel, and reigned twenty-five years. He had a high reputation for piety and justice. See II. Chronicles xvii.-xxii. Je'hu, [Heb. NITT,] King of Israel, was an officer in the army of King Jehoram, when he was anointed kmg by a young prophet sent by Elisha in 884 b.c. He killed Jehoram, and reigned about twenty-eight years. See II. Kings ix. and x. Jek'^ll, (Sir Joseph,) a distinguished lawyer and statesman, born in Nottinghamshire in 1664. He was a prominent member of the Whig party during the reign of Queen Anne, and was knighted upon the accession of George I. He was afterwards master of the rolls, ana privy councillor. Died in 1738. Jekyll, (Joseph,) M.P., a witty English barrister, born about 1752, was distinguished by his talent for epigram and repartee. He became solicitor-general to the Prince of Wales in 1805. Died in J837. Jel&l-ed-Deen or Djelal-Eddin, j^h-lal ed-deen , (i.e. the “ Splendour (or Glory) of Religion,”) written also Jalal-ed-Deen and Djalal-JEiddin, King of Khorasmia, who succeeded his father, Ala-ed-Deen, in 1218, was re¬ nowned for his military ability and enterprise. He fought numerous battles against Jengis Khan with various suc¬ cess. It is said that he afterwards abandoned himself to indolence and pleasure, and when a Mongol army in¬ vaded his capital he fled, and was killed, in 1231. See “Nouvelle Biographie G^n^rale.” Jelhl-ed-Deen-Roomee, (Jel&l-ed-Din-Rflmi or Djelal-ed-dyn-Roumy,) jeh-lSl'ed-deen-roo'mee, one of the most eminent Persian poets, born at Bulkh or Balkh, in Khorassan, about 1200. His father was a noted doctor and preacher of the Soofee sect, who set¬ tled at Iconium, (Konieh,) in Asia Minor, (called in Arabic and Persian Room, because it was part of the empire of Rome.) At his death, in 1233, Jelal-ed-Deen became the chief of the Soofees. His “Mes'newee” (“Mesnewi”) or “ Mesnevee,” (i.e. poem with rhyming couplets,) less correctly written “ Metsnewee” or “ Metsnevi,” is re¬ garded as an excellent model of the mystical style. “This precious pearl of the ocean of mysticism departed from this fragile world” in 1272. Jelf, (Richard William,) D.D., an English clergy¬ man and author, born in London in 1798. He graduated in 1820 at Oxford, and became a Fellow of Oriel and a tutor, was made canon of Christ Church in 1831, was Bampton lecturer in 1834, and in that year became prin¬ cipal of King’s College, London. He wrote several theological works. Died at Oxford, September 19, 1871. Jelf, (William Edward.) D.D., a brother of the pre¬ ceding, was born in Gloucester in 1811. He was educated at Eton, and at Christ Church, Oxford, graduating in 1833. His “Greek Grammar” (1842-45) added greatly to his fame. He also edited the “Ethics” of Aristotle. Died October 18, 1875. Jellachich von Buzim, von, fon yel'lH-KiK' fon bdot'sfm, (Franz,) Baron, an Austrian general, born in 1746, fought with distinction in the principal campaigns of the French Revolution, and rose to be lieutenant- field-marshal in 1800. Died in 1810. Jellachich von Buzim, von, (Joseph,) Ban of Cro¬ atia, son of the preceding, was born at Peterwardein in 1801. In the revolution of 1848 he was appointed Ban, or commander-in-chief, of the Croats, and had the prin¬ cipal share in the victory of Schwechat, near Vienna, over the Hungarians. He gained several advantages over General Bern, but was at length defeated, (1849,) and forced to retreat with considerable loss. Died in 1859. See Balleydier, “ Histoire de la Guerre de Hongrie.” Jel'lett, (John Hewitt,) an Irish mathematician, born at Cashel, December 25, 1817. He graduated at Dublin University, took orders in the Episcopal Church was made a Fellow of Trinity College in 1840, a pro¬ fessor of natural philosophy in 1848, and provost of the university in 1881. He published various able mathe¬ matical treatises. Died in 1888. Jellinek, yel'le-ngk', (Adolph,) a German philologist, of Jewish extraction, born in Moravia in 1821, wrote on the Cabala and on Oriental philology. Died in 1893. See Jost, “ Adolphe Jellinek et la Kabbale,” 1852. Jem or Dj em, jSm, sometimes called Zizim, a Turkish prince, born in 1459, was a son of Mahomet II., and younger brother of Bayazeed, (Bajazet.) At the death of his father he aspired to sovereign power, but was de¬ feated in battle by Bayazeed, (1481.) Jem became an exile, passed some years in France, and died in Italy in 1495. Jemlah or Djemlah, jSm'la, [Hindoo pron. jumHaU (Mohammed, mo-hSm'med,) called Ameer (or EmIr) AL Omra, (i.e. “ Prince of the Nobles,”) a famous states¬ man and general, born near Ispah&n. In 1652 he entered the service of Aurung-Zeb, and was raised to the rank of first vizier of the Mogul empire. Having been appointed Viceroy of Bengal, he commanded in 1659 an expedition against Assam, in which he displayed great talents and prudence. Died in 1665. See “Nouvelle Biographie G^n^rale.” Jemsheed or Jemshid, jSm-sheed', written also Djemchyd, Dschemschid, and Jamshid, an ancient Persian king, supposed to have ascended the throne about 800 b.c. He greatly improved and embellished € as k; 9 as s; g hard; g as j; G, H, K, guttural; N,