Volume 1

Universal pronouncing dictionary of biography and mythology / by Joseph Thomas.

  • Joseph Thomas
Date:
1911, ©1908
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: Universal pronouncing dictionary of biography and mythology / by Joseph Thomas. Source: Wellcome Collection.

    1403/1486 (page 1385)
    her voices had not deceived her, and with the name of Jesus on her lips. Many of those who had most eagerly sought her death were melted to tears ; and even the executioner declared that he had committed an unpar¬ donable sin. A secretary of the King of England also said, “We are lost I we have burned a saint.” Thus perished the Maid of Orleans, against whom not the slightest crime could be proved. If the inspiration which she received came not from the source to which she attributed it, it was at least the offspring of bravery, of generosity, of patriotism, of those virtues which have raised to immortality so many of the great and good. In the high-coloured and eulogistic account given of her by Michelet, he remarks, “ She had the goodness of the ancient martyrs, but with this difference : the early Christians remained pure and virtuous only in retiring from the encounter and in separating themselves from the struggles and temptations of the world, while she was benign in the fiercest conflicts, good among the bad, gentle even in war; ‘ into war, that triumph of the devil, she carried the spirit of Heaven.’ This tenderness of heart she had for all men. She wept after the victories, and relieved the sufferings of the wounded English.” Her death stamped indelible infamy on all the parties connected with the war,—on the Burgundians for de¬ livering her to her inveterate enemies, on the English and their French allies for their inhuman cruelty and thirst for revenge, and on her own prince and party for not making a powerful attempt to save her. See Barth^lhmy dh Beauregard, “ Histoire de Jeanne d’Arc,” 2 vols., 1847 ; Desjardins, “Vie de Jeanne d’Arc,” 1854 ; Vallet dk Virivili-e, “ Nouvelles Recherches sur la Famille, etc. de Jeanne Dare,” 1854; Lenglet-Dufresnoy, “ Histoire de Jeanne d’Arc,” 1753; Lb Brun de Charmettes, “Histoire de Jeanne d’Arc,” 4 vols., 1817; Alphonse de Lamartine, “Jeanne d’Arc,” 1852; Jules Michelet, “Jeanne d’Arc,” 1853; R. M. Evans, “Story of Joan of Arc,” 1847; A. M. Meneghblli, “Giovanna d’Arc,” Padua, 1841; Michelet, “History of France;” Carl Lirbelt, “Dziewica Orleanska ustep dziejdw Francyi,” Posen, 1847; Guidc Goerres, “Die Jungfrau von Orleans,” 1834; Harriet Parr, “Life and Death of Jeanne d’Arc,” 1866; Thomas De Quincey, “Miscellaneous Essays.” Joan [Sp. Juana, Hoo-in'yi] Renriquez, (Sn-ree'- kSth,) Queen of Aragon and Navarre, daughter of Fred¬ erick Henriquez, of the blood-royal of Castile, and admiral of that kingdom. In 1444 she was married to John II. of Aragon, and in 1452 gave birth to Ferdinand the Catholic. She was a princess of great energy of character and of uncommon mental endowments; and to her advice and assistance many of the successes of John II. are to be attributed. Died in 1468. Joanes,Ho-i'n§s, or Juanes, Hoo-i'ngs, (Vincente,) an eminent Spanish painter, born in Valencia in 1523, studied at Rome, and was regarded as the greatest artist of the Valencian school. Died in 1579. Among his most important works may be mentioned Christ after death borne by the angels, the Saviour with the two prophets, and a Saint Francis. Joannes. See John. Joannes Comnenus. See Calo-Joannes. Joannes Massiliensis. See Cassian, (John.) Joannet, zho't'n(Claude,) a French littiratmr, born at Dole in 1716; died in 1789. Joanny, zho'2'ne', the assumed name of Jean Bap¬ tiste Bernard Brissebarre, a famous French tragic actor, born at Dijon in 1775, and who is said to have been nearly equal to Talma. Died in 1849. Jo5o (or Joam) of Portugal. See John. Jo3o or Juan, surnamed Df. Dios or De Dieu. See Dieu. Jo'ash [Heb. 15WV] or Je-ho'ash, King of Judah, and son of Ahaziah. He ascended the throne when seven years of age, and reigned virtuously forty years. He was assassinated by his servants in 838 b.C. See II. Chronicles xxiii. and xxiv.; II. Kings xi. and xii. Joash or Jehoash, King of Israel, succeeded his father, Jehoahaz, 839 or 840 B.C., and reigned sixteen years. See II. Kings xiii.; II. Chronicles xxv. 17. Job, [Heb. Gr. ’I<j/3; Arabic, Aiyoob, (Aiyoub or Aiyub,) I'yoob'; Ger. Hiob, hee'op; It. Giobbe, iob'bi,] a patriarch of Uz, (a country which is believed by many to be the same as Idumaea,) who is supposed to have lived in a very remote antiquity. One of the most sublime books of the Old Testament bears his name and gives an account of his life and virtues. By many it has been thought that Job was an allegorical character; but there appears to be little reason for this supposition. He is mentioned by the prophet Ezekiel, (xv. 16,) and by Saint James, (v. 11,) as a real person. Much con¬ troversy has arisen about the age in which he lived, and the author of the book; but both these points remain unsettled. This work was written in Hebrew, with a mixture of Arabic. Job or Aiyoob, i'yoob', (Solomon,) an African prince, son of a king of Bondoo, in Senegambia. In 1730 he was sold to the English, who carried him to Maryland, where he became a slave. His story interested General Oglethorpe and others, who ransomed him and sent him to England in 1733. He was presented at court, and attracted much attention. He produced an interesting geographical account of his native country, and wrote from memory, it is said, three copies of the Koran. He returned to Bondoo about 1735. Jobard, zho'bitR', (J. B. A. M.,) a writer on social economy, born in Haute-Marne, France, in 1792. He lived in Belgium. Died in 1861. Jobb6-Duval, zho'b&' dii'vitl', (Armand Marik F£lix,) a French painter, born at Carhaix, July 16,1821. He went to Paris in 1829, and was a pupil of Paul De laroche. He is best known by his refined and delicate religious pictures and his portraits. Died April 2, 1889. Jobert, zho'baiR', (Louis,) a French Jesuit and anti¬ quary, born at Paris in 1637. For some time he was a professor of rhetoric in his native city, and afterwards became celebrated as a preacher. He was the author of several treatises on medals. Died in 1719. Jobert de Lamballe, zho'baiR' deh ISN'btl', (An¬ toine Joseph,) an eminent French surgeon, born at Lamballe in 1799. He lectured in Paris, and published, besides other works, a “Treatise on Plastic Surgery,” (“Traits de Chirurgie plastique,” 2 vols., 1849.) He became surgeon to the emperor in 1854. Died in 1867. Jo-cas'ta or Jo-cas'te, [Gr. ’IOKaarq; Fr. Jocaste* zho'kfst',] sometimes called Epicaste, the wife of Laius, and the mother of CEdipus. According to tradition, she was married to GEdipus without knowing who he was, and hung herself after she discovered the relationship between them. Jog'^-lyn, (Ada Maria,) an English novelist, born at Aldershot in i860. She has written “A Big Stake,” (1892,) “A Regular Fraud,” (1896,) “Miss Rayburn’s Diamonds,” (1897,) etc. Jo5'?-lJfn, (Robert,) Lord, M.P., an English poli¬ tician, born in 1816, visited China about 1840, and pub¬ lished “Six Months in China.” Died in 1854. Jo-eha'nan or Jo-ha'nan Ben E-H-e'zer, a Jewish rabbi, born in Palestine about 184 a.d. He compiled the “Jerusalem Gemara,” a part of the Talmud. He is said to have died in 279 a.d. Jocher or Joecher, yo'Ker, (Christian Gottlieb,) an eminent German scholar and writer, born at Leipsic in 1694. He became professor of philosophy and his- toiy at Leipsic about 1730. His most important work is a “Universal Dictionary of Learned Men,” (“Allge- meines Gelehrten-Lexikon,” 4 vols., 1750-51,) which is highly esteemed. Supplements have been published by Adelung and others. Died in 1758. Jochmus, yoK'mtis, (Albrecht,) a German general, born at Hamburg in 1808. About 1838 he was sent by Lord Palmerston to Constantinople to plan a campaign in Syria. He became general-in-chief of the allied armies of England and Turkey in December, 1840. He was appointed minister of foreign affairs by the Archduke John, Vicar of the German empire, in May, 1849, an<^ resigned in December of that year. Died in 1881. Jocundua. See Giocondo, (Giovanni.) Jode, de, deh yo'deh, (Arnold,) son of Pieter, Jr., noticed below, was born about 1636. He is said to have been inferior to his grandfather and father as an engraver. While in London, in 1667, he engraved for Charles I. “Mercury Instructing Cupid,” by Correggio. Among his other works is “The Infant Jesus embracing Saint John.” See Basan, “ Dictionnaire des Graveurs.