Volume 1

Universal pronouncing dictionary of biography and mythology / by Joseph Thomas.

  • Joseph Thomas
Date:
1911, ©1908
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: Universal pronouncing dictionary of biography and mythology / by Joseph Thomas. Source: Wellcome Collection.

    1453/1486 (page 1435)
    ot age, while he was only twenty-five. She bore him eight children, all of whom died young except Fatimah, who became the wife of his cousin and favourite, Alee, (Ali,) the son of Aboo-Talib. (See Mohammed.) Khadyjah. See Khadijah. Khaisang, k’hl'sang', surnamed Woo-tsoong, (the “ Honourable Warrior,”) called by the Tartars Kaishan- Kulluk-Khan, ki'shin' kool'look KSn, a sovereign of the Mongolian dynasty, succeeded to the imperial throne of China A.D. 1308, at the age of twenty-nine. He was distinguished for his abilities as a commander, and for his patronage of men of letters. Died a.d. 1311. Khalaf, Ki-l3f', ascended the throne of Seistan, in Eastern Persia, about A.D. 963. He was a bold and skil¬ ful warrior and an able diplomatist, but was treacherous, cruel, and tyrannical. After a reign of forty years, he was conquered by the emperor Mahmood of Ghazna, who imprisoned him till his death, a.d. 1008. Khfiled or Chaled, K^'led, written also Caled, a celebrated Arabian general, born in 582 a.d. In the third year of the Hejrah he completely routed the army of Mohammed at the battle of Ohod. He subsequently embraced the Moslem faith, gained numerous important victories over its enemies, and received from the prophet the title of “The Sword of God.” Eastern writers ascribe to this warrior almost superhuman valour, which, how¬ ever, was often stained with cruelty. Died about 642 A.D. Khaled-Ben (or-Ibn) -Barmek. See Barmecides. Khaleel (Khalil) or Chalil, Kj-leel', (Aboo-Abd- er-Rahman, 3/bdb Jbd-er-riH'min,) a celebrated Arabic grammarian of Bassora, born about 719 A.D.; died in 786. Khaleel, (Khalil,) surnamed Melik-al-Ashraf, mSl'ik Sl-ish'raf, (i.e. the “ Illustrious King,”) eighth Sultan of Egypt and Syria, succeeded his father Kelaoon (Kelafin) a.d. 1290. He took Acre from the European Christians, whom he finally drove from Syria. He was assassinated by his ameers, a.d. 1293. Khaleel- (Khalil- or Chalil-) Beg, KMeel' b§g, of the Turkoman dynasty, succeeded his father, Oozoon (Uzun) Hassan, on the throne of Persia, A.D. 1478. His excessive cruelty and oppression caused several revolts among his subjects, during one of which he was slain on the field of battle. Khaleel (Khalil or Chalil) Pasha, grand vizier to the Ottoman Sultan Amurath IL In 1444 he gained at Varna a decisive victory over the Christian allies. In this battle Ladislaus, King of Hungary, fell. Upon the accession of Mahomet II. Khaleel still retained his power, and commanded the Turkish army at the capture of Constantinople, in 1453. He was a few days after condemned on a charge of bribery, and executed. Khalifa Abdullahi, the chief general of the Mahdi, was born in Darfur about 1840. The massacre at Khartoum is attributed to him. He continued in arms after the death of the Mahdi, resisted for two years 4he advance of Lord Kitchener, but was finally over¬ thrown at the battle of Omderman, in 1898. At a sub¬ sequent engagement on November 25, 1899, he was defeated and killed, with his principal emirs and thou¬ sands of his troops. Khallikan. See Ibn-Khallikan. Khan Arzu, k&n aR-zoo', (or simply Arzu,) an Urdu (Oordoo), or Hindustanee, poet, born in 1689. He lived at Delhi, and at Lucknow, where he died in 1756. He wrote good poems both in Urdu and in Persian, and left an excellent Persian dictionary. Khang-Hee, (or-Hi,) k’h&nghee, Emperor of China, of the dynasty of the Mantchoo Tartars, was born about 1653 a.d. He succeeded his father, Shun-Chee, (Chun- tchi,) at the age of seven years. In 1675 he quelled a formidable rebellion raised against him by the Chinese under Oo-san-Kwei. He afterwards carried on success¬ ful wars against the neighbouring nations, and reduced nearly all the princes of Tartary to vassalage. Historians speak in the highest terms of the justice, candour, libe rality, and tolerant spirit of this monarch. Died in 1722. Khatchadoor, Khatchadour, or Khatchadu* Ki-chi-dooR', an Armenian poet and bishop, born at Caesarea, in Cappadocia, about 1600. His poems are chiefly of a religious and moral character. Kliatchig (K&'chig) I. was elected Patriarch of Ar¬ menia in 972. He founded numerous monasteries, and encouraged literature and the fine arts. Died in 992. Khatchig II., sometimes written Khatchadoor, be¬ came Patriarch of Armenia in 1058. He was imprisoned at Constantinople by Constantine Ducas, who afterwards banished him to Cappadocia. Died in 1064. Khell, kSI, (Joseph von Khellburg,) a German numismatist, born at Linz in 1714, published several works in Vienna. Died in 1772. Khemnitzer, (Ivan Ivanovitch.) See Chem- NITZER. Kheraskof or Kheraskov, KSr'is-kof', [written, in German, Cheraskow,] (Michael Matvievitch,) a distinguished Russian poet, born in 1733. Among his principal works may be mentioned “ Rossiada,” (1785,) an epic on the event of the Russians liberating them¬ selves from their Tartar oppressors. Died in 1807. Khevenhuller, Ka'v$n-hffl'ler, (Franz Christoph,) a German historian, born in 1589, rose to be imperial minister of state. He wrote “ Annales Ferdinandei,” a history of the reign of Ferdinand II. Died in 1650. Khilkof or Khilkov, Kil'kof, (Andrei Yakof Le- VITCH,) a Russian prince, sent as ambassador to Sweden by Peter the Great in 1700. War having been soon after declared between the two countries, Charles XII. ordered Khilkof to be thrown into prison. During his confinement of eighteen years he wrote his celebrated “ History of Russia.” He died at the isle of Aland, on his return to Russia, in 1718. Khnopff, (Fernand,) a Belgian painter, born in 1858. He received the Order of Leopold in recogni¬ tion of his great merit as a painter, and became a leading spirit in the Societe de Beaux Arts at Brussels. Khoda-Bendeh, Ko'dah bSn'd$h, (Mohammed,) sovereign of Persia, of the dynasty of the Sofees, (or Sofys,) began to reign in 1578. He was a weak and effeminate prince. During his reign the Turks and Tar¬ tars ravaged his dominions. Died about 1587. Kbomarooyah or Khomarouyah, Ko-mi-roo'y^h, succeeded his father, Ahmed, as Sultan of Egypt and Syria, 884 A.D., at the age of fifteen. He carried on a war with the caliph Mootamed, whom he obliged to sue for peace, and invaded the Greek empire, from which he carried a rich booty. He was assassinated in 896. Khomiakof, Ko-me-i'kof, Khomiakov, or Kliomi- akow, Ko-me-a/kov,(Alexis Stefanovitch,) a popular Russian poet, born about 1802. He published historical dramas, called “ Yermak” (or “ Iermak”) and “The False Demetrius,” also lyrical poems, and some able prose works. Khondemeer, Khondemir, or Khondemyr, Ron* dS-meeR', a surname of Giyfls-ed-Deen* (Giyfts- eddin) Mohammed, ge-tss' ed-deen' mo-hfm'med, a Persian historian, and a son of the eminent historian Mirkhond, was born at HerSt in the second half of the fifteenth century. He wrote a valuable universal his¬ tory, extending from the creation to 1471, also a work called “The Friend of Biographies and Eminent Men,” which is highly commended. Died after 1522. Khoong-Foo-tse. See Confucius. Khosroo or Khosru, Kos'roo', written also Khoa- rou, Khosrau, Kos'row, and Khosrew, IGr. Xoapowc, Lat. Chos'roes,] surnamed in Persian Noushirvan, now'shlR-vtn', or Nooshirvan, (Nuschirwan,) said to signify “ Generous Soul,” the greatest of the Sassanide sovereigns, was the son of Kobad, (Cabades,) whom he succeeded on the throne of Persia, a.d. 531. At an early age he displayed extraordinary talents for govern¬ ment, and upon his accession to the throne immediately commenced a reform, which the corrupt reign of his father had rendered necessary. By the retrenchment of expenditures, and other means, ne greatly improved the state of the finances. He appointed none but the most efficient men to offices; he established a strict and impartial justice throughout his dominions ; he re¬ modelled his army, and suppressed the Zendiks, who were promulgating doctrines immoral and dangerous to the state. He also concluded a peace with the emperor • Written also Gaiatheddin. See Introduction, p. 14