Volume 1

Universal pronouncing dictionary of biography and mythology / by Joseph Thomas.

  • Joseph Thomas
Date:
1911, ©1908
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: Universal pronouncing dictionary of biography and mythology / by Joseph Thomas. Source: Wellcome Collection.

    1476/1486 (page 1458)
    Kraszewski, kRi-shSv'skee, (Joseph Ignatius,) a Polish novelist and miscellaneous writer, born at War¬ saw in 1812. ITis works, which are very numerous, con¬ sist of novels, poems, travels, and historical treatises. His romances are very popular in Poland, and have in a great measure superseded the French novels. Among the best are “The Magic-Lantern,” (1843,) “Ulana,” (1843,) and “Sviat i Poeta.” His epic poem “Ana- fielas,” and a “ History of Wilna,” are also ranked among his best productions. Died March 20, 1887. Krateros. See Craterus. Krates. See Crates. Kratinos. See Cratinus. Kratippos. See Cratippus. Kratzenstein, kRit'sen-stin', ( Christian Gott¬ lieb,) a German natural philosopher, mechanical inventor, and writer, born at Wernigerode in 1723, became pro¬ fessor of physics at Copenhagen in 1754. Died in 1795. Kraus, kRowss, (Christian Jakob,) a learned Ger¬ man writer, professor of philosophy, etc. at Konigsberg, was born at Osterode in 1753. He published a treatise on “ Political Economy,” and other works. Died in 1807. Kraus, (Franz,) a German historical painter, born in Suabia about 1704; died about 1750. Kraus or Krauss, krowss, (Johann Baptist,) a German prelate and historical writer, born at Ratisbon in 1700. He was prince-abbot of the monastery of Saint Emmeran. Died in 1762. Kraus, (Johann Ulrich,) a German engraver, born at Augsburg about 1645 > died *n I7I9* Kraus, (Martin.) See Crusius. Krause, kRow'zeh, (Georg Friedrich,) a German economist and writer on the science of forests, born at Prenzlow in 1768; died in 1836. Krause, (Georg Melchior,) a German painter and engraver, born at Frankfort in 1737; died in 1806. Krause, (Johann Christoph,) a German historian, born at Artern in 1749. Among his works is a “ His¬ tory of Europe,” (5 vols., 1789-98.) Died in 1799. Krause,(Johann Gottlieb,) a German bibliographer, born in Silesia in 1684, published, besides other works, “Umstandliche Bucher-Historie,” (3 vols., 1716.) He was professor of eloquence at Wittenberg. Died in 1736. See Kirchmaier, “ Programma ad Exequias J. G. Krausii,” 1736. Krause, (Karl Christian Friedrich,) a German philosopher and masonic writer, born at Eisenberg in 1781. He devoted several works to the display of the merits of freemasonry, of which he was a zealous advo¬ cate. Among his other works is “Urbild der Mensch- heit,” (“The Type of Humanity,” 1811.) Died in 1832. See Lindemann, “Darstellung des Lebens und der Wissen- •chaftslehre Krauses,” 1839. Krause, (Wilhelm,) a German landscape and marine painter, born at Dessau in 1803. He has produced some excellent pictures of Norwegian scenery. Kraut, kRowt, (Wilhelm Theodor,) professor of law at Gottingen, was born at Luneburg in 1800. He wrote a number of legal works. Died Jan. 1, 1873. Krauth, krawth, (Charles Porterfield,) D.D., a Lutheran divine and accomplished scholar, the son of Dr. Charles Philip Krauth, (late president of Pennsyl¬ vania College at Gettysburg,) was born at Martinsburg, Virginia, March 17, 1823. He graduated at Pennsyl¬ vania College in 1839. Ordained in 1842, he became pastor of a church in Baltimore, and was subsequently settled at Winchester, Virginia, and Pittsburg, Pennsyl¬ vania. In 1859 he was called to the pastoral charge of Saint Mark’s Lutheran Church, Philadelphia, where he remained four years. In 1861 he became editor of “The Lutheran and Missionary,” issued in Philadelphia, and in 1864 professor of theology, church history, etc in the Lutheran Seminary of that city. In 1868 he was elected to the chair of moral and intellectual philosophy in the University of Pennsylvania, and in 1873 became vice¬ provost of the same institution. He published a trans¬ lation of Tholuck’s “Commentary on Saint John,” (1859,) “The Conservative Reformation and its Theology,” (1871,) an edition of Berkeley’s “Principles of Human Knowledge,” (1873,) and an edition of Fleming’s “Vo¬ cabulary of Philosophy,” to which he added a valuable Index, etc, (1877.) He died January 2, 1883. Kray, von, fon kRi' or Krajof, von, fon kRl'oi, (Paul,) Baron, an Austrian general, born at Kesmark, in Hungary, in 1735. He fought against the French in the Low Countries and on the Rhine in 1793-95, and became a field-marshal-lieutenant in 1796. In 1799 he obtained the chief command of the army, defeated Scherer twice in Italy, and took Mantua. Having failed in a campaign against Moreau in Germany in 1800, he was removed from the command. Died in 1804. See Alison', “History of Europe.” Krayenhoff, kRi'en-hof, written also Kraijenhoft, (Cornelis Roelf,) a Dutch general, born at Nymwegsn in 1758, became minister of war under Louis Bonaparte. He published several excellent charts. Died about 1840. Krayer. See Crayer. Krebs, kRgps, (Johann August,) a learned German writer, born at Heinaugen in 1681 ; died in 1713. Krehl, kRal, (August Ludwig,) a German Protestant theologian, born at Eisleben in 1784, became professor of theology at Leipsic in 1834. Died in 1855. Kreil, kRll, (Karl,) an able astronomer, born at Ried in the Tyrol, in 1798, became director of the Observatory of Prague in 1845. He published a treatise “On the Nature and Motion of Comets,” (1843.) Died in 1862. Kreitmayer or Kreytmayr, kRit'mlR, written also Kreittmayr, (Aloys Wigulaus,) a German statesman and jurist, born at Munich in 1705. Among his works we may name “Code of Bavarian Judicial Law,” (1751,) and “Bavarian Civil Code.” Died in 1790. Kremer, kRa'mer, (Christoph Jakob,) a German historian, born at Worms in 1722. He wrote several works on German history. Died in 1777. Kremer, kRa'mer, (Peter,) an eminent Belgian painter of history and genre, born at Antwerp in 1801. Among his works are “ Marius at Carthage,” and “ David Teniers Designing after Nature.” Krestow'sky, (M.,) a Russian novelist, born at Kief in 1820. He served in the Russian army, and wrote numerous novels. Among the best of these, as translated into French, are “ Le Sphinx,” “ En Voyage,” “Uncle Bujanoff,” and “ Le Diablotin.” Kretschmann, kRfitsh'min, (Karl Friedrich,) a German poet, born at Zittau in 1738, published “Songs of the Bard Ringulph,” and other works. Died in 1809. Kreutzer, kRoit'ser, (Konradin,) a German com¬ poser of operas and songs, born in the duchy of Baden in 1782; died in 1849. Kreutzer, kRUt'saiR', (Rudolf,) a celebrated com¬ poser and musician, of German extraction, born at Ver sailles in 1766, became violinist at the imperial chapel, and a member of the Conservatory in Paris. Among his best works are the operas of “ Lodoiska” and “ Paul and Virginia.” Died in 1831. See Fins, “ Biographie Universelle des Musiciens.” Kreysig, kRl'ziG, (Friedrich Ludwig,) a medical writer, born near Leipsic in 1770, studied medicine at Pavia under Spallanzani. In 1803 he was appointed physician to the Elector Frederick Augustus, afterwards King of Saxony. He became in 1815 professor of thera¬ peutics and pathology at Dresden. Died in 1839. Kreysig, (Georg Christoph,) a German historian, born near Annaberg in 1697. He wrote on the history of Saxony. Died in 1758. Kreytmayr. See Kreitmayer. Krichna. See Krishna. Kriloff or Krilov. See Krylof. Krishna, Crishna, Krichna, or Krischna, kRlsh'- pa, [a Sanscrit word, signifying “dark bluesee below,] in the Hindoo mythology, the eighth avatar of Vishnu, usually regarded as the most glorious of all the manifesta¬ tions of that deity. It is said by the votaries of Krishna that in the other avatars Vishnu manifested only a portion of his godhead, but that in this instance he ap¬ peared in all the fulness of his power and glory. He was born in the kingdom of Mathura; his mortal parents were Vasudeva and Devaki. It had been predicted that the son of Devaki should deprive Kansa, the tyrannical, king of that country, of his life and crown. Kansa there¬ fore sought by force and stratagem to destroy the young child; but the parents, assisted and guided by power