Physiology and pathology of the sympathetic system of nerves / by A. Eulenburg and P. Guttmann ; translated by A. Napier.

Date:
1879
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Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: Physiology and pathology of the sympathetic system of nerves / by A. Eulenburg and P. Guttmann ; translated by A. Napier. Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh. The original may be consulted at the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh.

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    Bischofswerder* on rabbits led to the conclusion that the vagus, as well as the sympathetic, acts as a vasomotor nerve of the lungs, Ihe simultaneous extirpation of the uppermost thoracic ganglion and both vagi was followed by a much stronger hyperasmia and infiltration of the lungs than divi- sion of the vagi only. According to Brown-Sdquard's observations, the vaso- motor nerves of the lungs appear to have a cerebral origin. This author repeatedly saw pneumonic infiltration, haemor- rhages, and oedema of the lungs, after injury to the base of the brain. Nothnagel made ^the same observation after injury to a certain spot on the surface of the rabbit's brain, near the Sulcus found on its superior aspect; sometimes nearly the whole lung was infiltrated with blood. 2. Stomach and Bowel.—The secretion of the gastric juice seems to be carried on automatically by the ganglia situated in the walls of the stomach. The sympathetic has no direct influence on the process, so far as we know; the vagus, how- ever, does exercise some such influence, but perhaps only re- flexively, as the sensory nerve of the stomach. This view is supported by many experiments, amongst others those of Lussana and Inzoni.f The sympathetic plexuses and ganglia have, however, some control over the nutrition of the walls of the stomach; thus, PincusJ and Adrian§ observed, after extirpation of the solar plexus, various changes in the mucous membrane of the stomach and upper part of the small intestine (intense hypersemiR, extravasation of blood, and ulceration), but none in the secreting power of the stomach. The vasomotor nerve of the intestine, at least of the small intestine, and probably of most of the abdominal viscera, is the splanchnic, the principal vasomotor nerve in the body. Irritation and extirpation of the difiorent ganglia and sympa- thetic plexuses of the abdomen have a certain, but very inconstant influence on the intestinal secretion, the nature of the intestinal evacuations, and on the general nutrition. Thus, after extirpation of the coeliac plexus some observers noticed increased secretion from the intestines (Adrian), or * Vagus und Sympathicus, die vasomotorisclien Nerven der Lunge.'' Dis- BertatioD. Greifswald, 1875, t Gaz. Hebomad, ]863, x., 13. % Exper. de vi nervi vagi et sympathici ad Tasa secret, nutrit. tractus in- testinalis et renutn, Diss., Breslau, 1856. § Ueber die Functionen des plexus coeliacus und mesentericus, Dissert., Giessen., 1861.