On the myology of the terrestrial carnivora. Pt. I. Muscles of the head, neck, and fore-limb / by B.C.A. Windle and F.G. Parsons.

  • Bertram Coghill Alan Windle
Date:
1897
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: On the myology of the terrestrial carnivora. Pt. I. Muscles of the head, neck, and fore-limb / by B.C.A. Windle and F.G. Parsons. Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by The Royal College of Surgeons of England. The original may be consulted at The Royal College of Surgeons of England.

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    posterior third of the neck in Urms mariUmus (45), in two specimens of U. americanus^50, 52), in Procyon lotor (53), in four specimens of Lutra vulgaris (74, 75, 77, 79), and in Macalister’s specimen of Viverra civetta (IX.), while in one specimen of Ursus americanus (49), in Nasua rufa (60), in Cercoleptes (61), in Ictonyx libyca (70), and in Young’s specimen of Viverra civetta (VIII.) they were separate. In no animal belonging to the Felidae ' have we found any fusion between the opposite steruo-mastoids, and the same applies to the Viverridae with the exception of one Civet (13), Genet (18), and Onyptoprocta. (10). In many animals, e. g. Procyon lotor (53), Ursus maritimus (45), U. americanus (49), Lutra (74), and Herpestes (24), some of the dorsal fibres of the sterno-mastoid run forward and upward to join the contiguous cephalo-humeral. In Hyama striata (26, 27, 28), H. crocuta (29), and H. brunnea (30) the muscle is divided into an inner and an outer portion, the former going to the paramastoid process, the latter to the occipital ridge. This arrangement may therefore be taken as typical of the Hysenid®, and it is interesting to notice that in Proteles (25) the same arrangement was found. Oleido-mastoid.—This muscle, as has already been pointed out, is usually distinct from the sterno-mastoid though it may be fused with it at its insertion. It rises from the rudimentary clavicle or, when that is absent, from the tendinous intersection in the cephalo- humeral muscle; it passes forwards to be inserted into the par- occipital process deep to the insertion of the sterno-mastoid. The spinal accessory (Xlth) nerve seems to have a most constant relation to this muscle, first piercing it and then running between it and the sterno-mastoid to the trapezius. In Cercoleptes (61) the nerve passed eutii’ely between the two muscles, but this was the only exception with which we met. It is interesting to contrast the behaviour of the spinal accessory in the Carnivora and Eodentia (XLI.): in the former it pierces the cleido-mastoid, in the latter it passes deep to that muscle. Sterno-hyoid, Sterno-thyroid, and Thyro-hyoid.—Owing to the narrowness of the sternum, the two first-named muscles rise largely from the first rib. In Proteles, Watson (XIII.) describes the two sterno-hyoid muscles of opposite sides as being fused in he middle Ime, but this was not noticed in the Hymnid® or cinerea, Macalister (AAAVii.) describes a tendinous intersection in both the sterno- sterno-thyroid; we found the same thing in the Dog W1 «terno-hyoid and thyroid we^f fuswl on the caudal side of the intersection. Devis’s snecWn In thTotT (X.) seems to have shown a similar arrangement Omo-%oid.-When this muscle is present it has the usual does or does not oLst. ourselves whether a fusion 25* [11]
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