On the myology of the terrestrial carnivora. Pt. I. Muscles of the head, neck, and fore-limb / by B.C.A. Windle and F.G. Parsons.

  • Windle, Bertram C. A. (Bertram Coghill Alan), 1858-1929.
Date:
1897
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: On the myology of the terrestrial carnivora. Pt. I. Muscles of the head, neck, and fore-limb / by B.C.A. Windle and F.G. Parsons. Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by The Royal College of Surgeons of England. The original may be consulted at The Royal College of Surgeons of England.

    17/42 (page 385)
    nivor.a. In llerjiestes (jriseus (24) some o£ the deeper fibres of the pectoral were continuous with the supraspinatus. Trapezius.—The first part of the trapezius (clavo-cucullaris of Straus-Durcklieim) is continuous with the clavicular part of the deltoid, forming tlie cephalo-humeral muscle. It rises from the curved line of the occiput and from the ligameutum nuchte and is usually well developed in Caimivora, especially in the Hvfenidse. When it reaches the region of the ruclimentary clavicle there is usually a tendinous intersection marking the line of deinarcatiou between the trapezial and deltoid elements of the muscle; at this point it is usually joined by a part or the whole of the cleido-mastoid muscle. In some cases, e. g. Procyon lotor (53) and Lutra vulyaris (74), the clavicle is fairly developed, aud in these only a few fibres are attached to the bone which lies deep to the aforesaid tendinous intersection h Besides the union with the cleido-mastoid at the intersection, slips are often given to or received from the sterno-mastoid ; this is most marked in' Lutra (74), in which the two muscles are largely fused, and also in Ictony.v (70). The second part of the trapezius (acromio-cucullaris) is very constant; it rises from the ligamentum nuchae and anterior thoracic spines and is inserted into the anterior lip of the spine of the scapula. At its insertion it is in close contact with the acromio-trachelian, and in Viverricula malaccensis (15) and to a less extent in Ganis familiaris (31} the two muscles are fused here. In Ictonyx zorilla (69), /. lybica (70), Nasua (58), and Cercoleptes (61, 62) the posterior part of the origin of the acromio- cucullaris has no attachment to the thoracic spines, but is united to the muscle of the opposite side by a tendinous junction. The third part of the trapezius (dorso-cucullaris) rises from the posterior thoracic spines and is inserted into the base of the spine of the scapula. In Oyncelurus (9) the second part, according to Boss, rose from the ligamentum nuchae and 7th cervical spine, while the third part came from the anterior six thoracic spines. In some cases e. g. Qenetta vulgaris (18), G. tigrina (16 a). Hyaena striata (26), Procyon lotor (53), Oalictis vittata (63), Ictonyx zorilla (69), /. lybica (70), and Lutra vulgaris (74)—the third is separated from the second part by a fibrous interval: in other cases the two parts are iu close contact: though the arrangement does not seem to depend in any way on the relationship of the various animals, a separation, while in P. cancrivorus (p7) the two parts are continuous. It may be noticed that iu all Carnivora the second and third parts of the trapezius are feebly ^veloped m comparison with the first ; this is true even of the Hyiemd®, in which the neck and shoulder muscles ai’e so very powerful. Latissimus dorsi.—The latissimus dorsi rises from a large number seems to vary a good deal individually; Lutra cinpron hut Macalistor did not notice it in found it in Cercoleptes, but in our specimen there was no trace. Possibly ago is the explanation ^ [17]