A description of the distribution of the nerves of the human body; with elementary physiological and surgical observations: including Mr. Brookes's nomenclature of the nervous system ... / by G.D. Dermott.

  • Dermott, G. D. (George Darby), 1802-1847
Date:
1830
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: A description of the distribution of the nerves of the human body; with elementary physiological and surgical observations: including Mr. Brookes's nomenclature of the nervous system ... / by G.D. Dermott. Source: Wellcome Collection.

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    of the Respiratory system of nerves, such a constitutional sympathy is established between the Diaphragm, Intercostal, and all the other Muscles of Inspiration, that they contract contemporally, conspiring, in being conducive to enlarge the cavity of the Thorax in every direction; (the trans¬ verse diameter of the Thorax being in¬ creased by the ascent of the Ribs; the Longitudinal, by the descent of the Dia¬ phragm) : and also such a sympathy is established between the Diaphragm with the other muscles of Inspiration, and the Abdominal Muscles with the other Mus¬ cles of Expiration, that it (along with the other muscles of Inspiration) contracts alternately with the Abdominal (and other Expiratory) Muscles ; relaxing as they con¬ tract ; and so as to ascend into the cavity of the Thorax, whereby the longitudinal diameter of the latter is diminished ; whilst its congeneric Intercostal and Serrati Mus¬ cles, are also relaxing, so as to allow of the descent of the ribs (the Abdominal Mus¬ cles drawing them downwards), whereby the transverse diameter of the Thorax is diminished. The External Respiratory Nerve, Lately so named; comes off from the pos¬ terior sides of the large lower Cervical nerves, opposite to the origins of the Phre¬ nic, and emerges in connection with the Cervical Nerves from the Foramina Inter- vertebralia; it descends behind the large Cervical Nerves, plunging into the Axilla deeply behind the Clavicle and Subclavius Muscle; and subsequently emerging from behind the upper part of the Axillary Plex¬ us, descends perpendicularly in close cohe¬ sion to the surface of the Serratus Major Anticus Muscle, till it becomes insensibly, but completely expended in that, and the contiguous Respiratory Muscles. To ob¬ serve it, the fat must be dissected out of the Axilla, and it will be seen descending perpendicularly in close connection to the surface of the Serratus Major Anticus, care being taken not to remove it along with the fat. THE NERVES OF THE INFERIOR EXTREMITY; OR THE LUMBAR AND SACRAL NERVES. The Lumbar Nerves are five, and very large. The First Lumbar Nerve Is the smallest; it emerges from the Fo¬ ramen Intervertebrale, between the first and second Lumbar Vertebrae, immediately enters the Psoas Magnus, and gives— communicating filaments forwards (Rami Communicantes), which emerge from the anterior side of the Psoas Magnus, to be connected with the first Lumbar Ganglion of the Sympatheticus Maximus,—a pencil of f laments backwards (Rami Posterio- res), which passes between the Transverse Processes to be expended in the substance of the loins,—and a very large Fasci¬ culus which passes directly downwards, in the origin of the Psoas Magnus Muscle, to unite with the Second Lumbar, subse¬ quently to its emergence from the Fora¬ men Intervertebrale : the nerve then con¬ siderably diminished, inclines from behind the outer side of the Psoas Magnus Mus¬ cle, and slants like the last Dorsal Nerve, but inferiorly to it, across the Quadratus Lumborum Muscle; of course posteriorly to the Kidney, its Fat, and Capsule, and closely cohering to the surface of the Quad¬ ratus ; it subsequently passes forwards, on the Crista Ilii and Circumflexus Cristae Ilii, between the origin of the Transversalis Abdominis and Obliquus lnternus; then pierces the tendon of the External Ob¬ lique Muscle, and is expended like the last Dorsal Nerve to the Integuments covering the lower and anterior part of the Abdo¬ men, also to those covering the upper and anterior part of the Thigh or the Groin. The Lumbar Plexus. The Fasciculus given downwards from the First Lumbar Nerve, which unites with the Second Lumbar Nerve, also the latter, along with the Third, Fourth, and Fifth, uniting in the Psoas Magnus Muscle, form the Lumbar Plexus. The Second Lumbar Nerve. emerges from the Foramen Intervertebrale, between the second and third Lumbar Vertebrae, immediately enters the origin of the Psoas Magnus—and gives filaments forwards (Rami Communicantes), which emerge from the anterior side of the Psoas Magnus, and are united to the second Lumbar Ganglion—it also gives a pencil of filaments backwards (Rami Posterio- res), between the Transverse Processes of the second and third Lumbar Vertebrae, to be dispersed to the Extensor Muscles of the Loins: then passing downwards in the origin of the Psoas Magnus, receives the Major part of the First Lumbar Nerve, and unites also with the Third.
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