Text book of comparative general pathology for practitioners and students of veterinary medicine / by Th. Kitt; authorized translation by William W. Cadbury ; edited with notes and additional illustrations by Allen J. Smith.

  • Kitt, Th. (Theodor), 1858-1941.
Date:
1906
Catalogue details

Licence: In copyright

Credit: Text book of comparative general pathology for practitioners and students of veterinary medicine / by Th. Kitt; authorized translation by William W. Cadbury ; edited with notes and additional illustrations by Allen J. Smith. Source: Wellcome Collection.

    45/504 (page 25)
    immunity to toxines acquired after infectious disease. The tox- ines are allied to the albumens* and enter the blood in a state of solution ; thus dissolved, they here enter into combination and are therefore inert before they gain access to the tissues, as the nerv- ous tissues—the cells (bacteria) which give origin to the toxines being removed from the economy by phagocytosis (as tetanus or diphtheria bacilli). Another dass of receptors [III order of Ehrlich] has the power of combining with foreign cellular elements and at the same time drawing into the combination the ferment-like alexines which naturally have pre-existed in the blood; these thus must possess two haptophore groups (a cytophile and a complementophile group), and for this reason are known as amboceptors. For this element which is the medium (amboceptor) of the Chemical Union (anchoring together) the following terms are also employed: desmon (5<fw = I bind), immune body, intermediary body, copula) immiinisin, ßxateur, sensitising body. The alexine is also known as the complement, addiment and cytose. When by the combined action of these two elements the destruction and solution of foreign cellular elements (the toxine- producing animal and vegetable microorganisms themselves) are accomplished, the compound antibody [amboceptor and comple- ment] is spoken of as a cytolysin (E. S. London). The . presence of the two elepients allied to each other is shown by experiment. If one will heat- a serum containing cytolysins to 56° C. the complemental element will be destroyed, and the serum will be found to have lost its cytolytic power, is inert. If, however, to this serum there be added another, ordinary serum, containing only complement and inert by itself, the cytolytic power is restored to the first, and it is said to have been reactivated. So, too, the desmon or amboceptor in the cytolysin may be removed by adding to serum cells for which it has affinity [and by centrifugation these may be thrown down; while the serum continues to contain the complement], There are a number of cytolysins of different kinds, each exerting its influence as a rule upoji only one certain kind of cell [this depending upon the peculiar affinity of the amboceptor in the cytolysin combination] ; thus we recognize among many those which act upon red blood cells (hcemolysins), upon sperma- ’Polsons of other types, allcaloids formlng Chemical combination do not organlsm. (Ehrlich, H. Sachs.) . glucosides, saponines, which do not act by cause the formation of antltoxlnes ln the