A new medical dictionary; or general repository of physic : containing an explanation of the terms, and a description of the various particulars relating to anatomy, physiology, physic, surgery, materia medica, chemistry, &c. &c. &c. Each article, according to its importance, being considered in every relation to which its usefulness extends in the healing art / by G. Motherby.
- Motherby, G. (George), 1732-1793.
- Date:
- 1785
Licence: Public Domain Mark
Credit: A new medical dictionary; or general repository of physic : containing an explanation of the terms, and a description of the various particulars relating to anatomy, physiology, physic, surgery, materia medica, chemistry, &c. &c. &c. Each article, according to its importance, being considered in every relation to which its usefulness extends in the healing art / by G. Motherby. Source: Wellcome Collection.
Provider: This material has been provided by Royal College of Physicians, London. The original may be consulted at Royal College of Physicians, London.
36/790
![\vith a folution of the mere, corrof. alb. or other mercurial particles, it difeovers them by producing a yellow colour, and it ferments with acids. TinCl. argenti — This tincture if made with pure aqua fortis, is the molt delicate addition for difeovering fea ialt in water, which it joins with, and falls in a milky cloud. Sal alk. vol.—This precipitates the contents of hard water; difeovers mercury, or any of its preparations, by turning the liquor whitifh, and throwing a part of it into a coagulum ; it difeovers copper by producing a blue colour. Tin£l fulph. vol.—It difeovers lead in water, by turn- ing it to a duilcy brown colour. Soap —It readily determines whether or no the water is hard or foft by diffolving therein : if hard the foap cur- dles ; but if foft, an homogenous mixture is formed, and with a little agitation a froth is raifed. Aq. fortis—If it turns the water of a green colour, it contains a folution of copper. For more particular fatisfa&ion, or any conGderation relating to mineral waters, fee Hoffman on the Acidulce, and Shaw’s Improvements on Mineral Waters, in his Chemical Works Thefis Inauguralis de Aqua Sulphurea Harrowgatenfi, Edinb. 1770, au&ore Walker, M.D as alfo the authors hereafter mentioned under any of the particular waters treated of. ACIDIJM iETHEREUM, i. e. fp. vitriol. ACIDUM AI.UMINOSUM, i. e. fp. vitriol. ACIDUM CATHOL1CUM, i. e. fp. vitriol. ACIDUM PRIMIGENIUM, i. e. fp. vitriol. ACIDUM SULPHUREUM, i. e fp. vitriol. ACIDUM VITRIOLI VINOSUM, i. e. tether. ACIES Steel. ACINESIA, from a, nor, and xivem, to move. A priva- tion of motion. ACINI. Berries that hang in clutters are thus called, to diftinguifh them from baccte, berries, which are (ingle ACINI, or Acinus. The berries or fruit of the elder, privet, ivy, &c See Acinus. ACINIFORMIS, vel Acinosa Tunica. The coat of the eye, called uvea. See Uvea. ACINI GANDULOSI. See Acinus. ACINOS. Stone or wild Bafil. It is the thymus acinos of Linnaeus. It grows on chalky hills, and flowers in June. Its vir- tues refemble thofe of the calamint. It is alfo a name of the great wild bafil. Sec Basili- cum. ACINOSA TUNICA, i. e. Aciniformis. ACINUS. Properly a grape, but is applied to other fruits or berries that grow in clutters, as elder berries, &c. Thefe are diftinguifhed from baccte, or berries that grow fmgle, as thofe of the laurel. But acinus is alfo ufed for the ftope of the grape, hence uvoe exacinatte, grapes that have their ftones taken out. The glands which grow together in clutters are called by fome acini glandulofi. Acinus, a name of the ftaphyloma. ACMASTICA, i. e. Svnochus. ACMASTICOS. The name of a fort of fever fpoken of by Atfluarius as follows : “ Fevers from putrefa&ion are continual or intermit- tent : of the former, fome are called ifotoni, or acmaftici, which during the whole courfe are at the fame pitch ; others are called epacmaftici, thefe proceed and increafe to their time of folution ; a third fort called paracmaltici, which diminifh by degrees till they ceafe.” ACME, from a, not, and xct/jtvto, to be weary; alx,ur,. The height of a difeafe. That ftate of a thing in which it 16 at its utmoft perfe£lion. It is alfo a term in gymnaf- tics, expreffmg the higheft pitch of exercife. ACMELLA, a plant growing in the ifland of Ceylon, of which three fpecies are noted by botanifts. Two are the verbefina acmella of Linnaeus, and verbefina lavenia of Linnaeus. It is commended in nephritic diforders, but rarely ufed. Raii. Hitt. ACNE. A fmall purple or hard tubercle on the face is thus called. ACNESTIS, from a, negative, and xvdztv, to fcratch. That part of the fpine which reaches from betwixt the lhoulder blades to the loins. This name feems only ap- plicable to quadrupedes, becaufe they cannot reach it to fcratch. There is a herb to which this name is given, but bota- nifts feem not agreed in what it is. ACO. The name of a fifli found in the Mediterranean fea, called alfo aquo, farachus, and farachinus. ACOE, axoi]. The fenfe of hearing. ACOITUS, an epithet for honey. Pliny fpeaks of it by this name, becaufe it hath no l'ediment, which is called. Koirn. ACON, an inftrument ufed in the ancient exercifes like the difeus. ACONE, a mortar, or rather a hard (lone, on which to levigate ; or, more generally, a whetftone. ACONION, an ancient Greek name of a medicine pre- pared by levigation ; probably a collyrium, or fome form of powders for the eyes. ACONITIFOLIA. A name of the anapodophyllon Canadenfe morini, i. e. podophyllum peltatum, Linnaeus. ACONITON, from a, negative, and xovitt, lime or plajler. Not plaftered. This woid is applied to veffels not lined within. ACONITUM. Various derivations are given by ety- mologifts, as, lft, uxovn, a whetjlone, or rock, beca.de it grows on bare rocks. 2dly, «, negative, and *ohV» dufl, becaufe it grows without earth. 3dly, axuv, axw dart, becaufe they poifoned darts therewith. 4thly, «*o- to accelerate, for it battens death. Wolf’s-bane. See Antheha. Miller takes notice of nineteen fpecies; and fome of them are called lycodlonum, or wolf's-bane, becaufe the hunters mixed them with flefh, and laid it for the wolves, which were poifoned by it. Thefe herbs are deftruclive by their cauttic and fuffocating quality, the animals that eat them have their fwallowing (lopped, and ftomach cor- roded. Againft the poifon of thefe plants, Galen commends rue taken in wine ; but, perhaps, vinegar would be more ufeful. The monk’s-hood, of which Dr. Storck fpeaks fo much in its favour, is the following fpecies, called aconitum and napellus ; in Englifh, blue monk’s-hood, helmet-flower, and wolf’s-bane. It is the aconitum napellus, or aconi- tum foliorum laciniis linearibus, fuperne latioribus, linea exaratis, Linn. Spec. Plant, p. 538. It is cultivated in our gardens as an ornament. It is fpontaneoufly pro- duced in Germany, and fome other northern parts of Europe. The doctor expreffed the juice of the frefh herb, and made it into an extract by a gentle evaporation, then for internal ufe made the following powder: R extract, aconit. gr. ii. Sacchar. alb.— 5 ii. m. f. pulv. fubtil. In feveral inftances this was given from gr. vi. to 3 fs. three times a day, with the happieft fuccefs. Its chief fen- fible effect was its exciting a copious perfpiration. The cafes in which Dr. Storck fucceeded by the ufe of the above powder, where an inveterate gonorrhoea, pains that were obftinate, and which followed after agues and intermittent fevers, tophs and nodes, feirrhous tumors, indurations of the parotid glands, and an anchylofis. bee Med. Muf. vol. i. p. 515, &c. A perfon who had eaten a fmall quantity of monk’s- hood, was prefently attacked with the following fymp- toms, viz. a fenfation of tingling heat in the tongue and jaws, the teeth feemed to himfelf as if they were loofe, and the face as if it was fwelled. This tingling fenfation gradually fpread all over the body, particularly to the extremities; the knees and ankles loft their (Irength, and frequent twitching of the tendons came on ; foon after he perceived a fenfible check to the circulation of the blood through the limbs; at length agiddinefs came on, then a mitt feemed to collect itfclf before his eyes, in his ears was a humming noife, his fenfes failed, and falling into a fwoon, his eyes and teeth were fixed, hio nofe contract- ed, breathing (liort, and cold fweats were perceived on his hands, feet, and forehead. All thefe fymptoms fol- lowed in lefs than two hours from the time of eating the fallad, in which the monk’s-hood unfortunately was mix- ed. In order to his relief, as it was fufpeCled that he had eaten fome kind of poifon, his friends forced down into his 7](https://iiif.wellcomecollection.org/image/b28406989_0036.jp2/full/800%2C/0/default.jpg)
