A first book in psychology / by Mary Whiton Calkins.

  • Mary Whiton Calkins
Date:
1910
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: A first book in psychology / by Mary Whiton Calkins. Source: Wellcome Collection.

    105/446 page 87
    THE BODILY REACTIONS IN PERCEPTION AND IMAGI¬ NATION Of all so-called external objects, my body stands in closest relation to myself. It is related also in a twofold fashion to other external objects: through its sense-organs and ingoing nerves it is affected by them; through its out¬ going nerves and muscular contractions it affects them. Indeed, the physiological process initiated by the exci¬ tation of a sense-organ is unfinished until it is terminated in a muscular contraction; in other words, a complete physiological process is neither sensory nor motor, but sensori-motor.* It was shown in Chapter III. that the different modes of sensational experience — visual, tactual, and the rest — are marked off from one another not only by the excitation of different end-organs and of different cerebral areas, but by the characteristic bodily movements — of eyeball, hand, and tongue — which accompany them. This chapter will treat of perceptual bodily reactions and will describe them * The student is advised to read, in connection with this chapter (i) on sensori-motor reactions : J. R. Angell, “ Psychology,” Chapter III. (2) On habit: W. James, “The Principles of Psychology,” Vol. I., Chapter IV., or “ Psychology, Briefer Course,” Chapter X. (3) On instinct: C. L. Morgan, “ Animal Life and Intelligence,” Chapter XI., or “ Comparative Psychol¬ ogy,” Chapter XII., or James, “The Principles of Psychology,” Vol. II., Chapter XXIV., or “ Psychology, Briefer Course,” Chapter XXV.
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