Anthropometry of modern Egyptians / by J.I. Craig.
- Craig, James Ireland, 1868-
- Date:
- [1911]
Licence: In copyright
Credit: Anthropometry of modern Egyptians / by J.I. Craig. Source: Wellcome Collection.
Provider: This material has been provided by The Royal College of Surgeons of England. The original may be consulted at The Royal College of Surgeons of England.
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![people with the ancient Egyptians, and it is accordingly necessary to consider how far this is possible. Deniker* says; “ La mesure principale, I’indice cdphalique, ne parait pas tou- jours correspondre sur le crane et sur le vivant. A priori la t^te a I’dtat vivant devrait avoir un indice un pen plus fort que la crane, les muscles de la region temporale etant plus dpais que ceux de la region sus-occipitale et frontale; cependant, les experiences faites a ce sujet sont contradictoires. D’apres Broca il faut soustraire deux unites a Tindice pris sur le vivant pour obtenir I’indice sur le cr≠ c’est encore I’opinion de MM. Stieda et Houzd, et d’un grand nombre d’anthropologistes, tandis que MM. Mantegazza et Weisbach preconisent la reduction de trois unites; Virchow et Topinard n’en admettent aucune Cependant d’une fa9on generale on pent admettre la difference de deux unites entre les indices du crane et du vivant.” (8) It is reasonable to expect that there may exist a correlation between the shape of the head and that of the skull, and on certain assumptions the correlation may be demonstrated. Let I, h, be the length and breadth respectively of the head; X, /3, the amounts to be subtracted from the length and breadth to obtain these measurements for the skull; y, X, the cranial and cephalic indices respectively. Then by definition x = \mjl, and y = 100(6-/3)/(Z-X) = (1006/Z)x(l-/3/6)/(l-X/0. Since the magnitudes of /3/6 and of \jl are of the order of 8'5/144 and 7/190 respectively, we may write this equation:— y = x{l— /3/h + X/l) — other terms. The other terms will be small, and may be allowed for by assigning a mean value, so that the equation becomes y = mx — c, where m = 1 — yS/6 + \jl. The ratio of /3/6 is in general greater than that of \jl, so that m is a fraction slightly less than unity. In Egyptian bodies. Dr Douglas Derry has found that /3 = 8‘5, X = 7, 6 = about 144 and ^ = 191^. Hence in this case m=0’976 approxi- mately, and the reduction is about 0’024<x or about two units. (9) Since this theoretical reasoning suggests that the formula y = mx — c is capable of giving results not inconsistent with practice, I have assumed its truth, and have used it to find average values of m and c. DenikerJ has given 43 cases * Races et peuples de la terre (Paris, 1900), p. 86. t Elliot Smith, loc. cit. p. 25. [Dr Derry’s results seem rather smaller than those for Europeans : see Lee and Pearson, Phil. Trans. Vol. 196, A, 1901, p. 250 et seq. Of. Gladstone on post-mortem cases, Biomctrika, Vol. iv. p. 110 et seq., however. Editor.] t Loc. cit. pp. 667 et seq.](https://iiif.wellcomecollection.org/image/b22418854_0009.jp2/full/800%2C/0/default.jpg)
