[Reports and Appendices] of the Irish Milk Commission, 1911.
- Great Britain. [Royal] Commission on the Irish Milk Supply.
- Date:
- 1913
Licence: In copyright
Credit: [Reports and Appendices] of the Irish Milk Commission, 1911. Source: Wellcome Collection.
Provider: This material has been provided by London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine Library & Archives Service. The original may be consulted at London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine Library & Archives Service.
1041/1108 (page 159)
![Mr. JoH^• Smout Lloyd.—Qt.h JiovemheT. ]P]2. :i2422. A cow as ;i luli? does uot stay in tbo byre any longor than one lactation period?—I should think the majority go out under the year. 32423. And they keep in such condition that when dry they go into the abattoir and kill tor beef?—Yes, every ono. 32424. So that, practically speaking, it is only a question of seven, eight or nine months, or up to a year, that they are in the byre?—That is so. 32425. Have you had any serious deficiency in the milk supply of the city in recent years; has there been any falling off in the supply coming in?—No. 32426. Last year, for instance, was exceptional, of course?—Milk dealers put up the price, because they said milk was hard to get. The better class customers I do not think had any trouble in getting it, but possibly the poorer people had to go without. 32427. The CHAiiiMAx.—What is the price, Mr. Lloyd?—It varies from 2d. or 2-id. in the summer— that is factory milk—up to 4d. I may say tliat, practically speaking, ever since I have been in Sheffield I have never paid less than 3id. in simimer or winter; usually 4d. 32428. Professor Mett.vm.—Ho\^- long docs it take this milk to come from Somersetshire or Hawes •Junction?—It arrives in Slieffield early in the after- noon; starting midnight oi' afterwards, or else it comes in the early morning, started the previous morning. 32429. It must be twenty-four hours old?—Some of it more. 32430. Does it come in any special van, or in a refrigerating van?—ily opinion is the milk has all been heated and cooled before it started, because we have taken sample after sample and nevi'r got tul)erele in one. 32431. It lias been pasteurised or sterilised in some way?—I have no proof of that. l)ut that is the conclusion I have come to. 32432. You did not test it to see if it had been boiled? —No, the milk samples do not come into my hands. They are taken by the inspectors, brought into the Town Hall, and labelled and sent to the I'nivcrsit^'. The samples we take as veterinary inspectors we send up in the same manner. 32433. I presume you never came across a case of tuberculosis in the udder but what there were other lesions in the animal's body?—No: but I have had in two instances considerable trouble in finding lesions in the body. In one case Dr. Robertson and other medical officers were with me, and it took about twenty minutes to find any tuljercles in the mesenteric glands. 32434. Although there was disease in the udder?— Yes. 3243.J. But that is an exceptional case?—I liave only had two. 32436. Sir Stewap.t Woodhouse.—AVliat do you do with the calves in Sheffield?—Then^ are practically none pi-(xluced there. We have a calf market on Tuesday, where a considerable number of Derbyshire dealers bring calves for slaughter, generally three or four days' old to as many weeks. As a matter of fact, we are doing our best to stop them bringing any calves in. The Health Committee passed a resolution k fortnight ago that no calves less than a fortnight old should be brought in for slaughter. Next week S Councillor is going to address the dealers on the point. 32437. On the groimd that it is poor food?- ■■ Immature. 32438. Professor METTAsr.—Do they go in for veal much in your neighbourhood?—Veal pies. 32439. Sir Stewart Woo»house.—It has been said that boiled milk is practically as nutritious for calves as raw milk?—Does that mean skimmed or unskimuK^d? 32440. The difference of boiling only?—If the milk was boiled I should think it would be absolutely free from tuberculosis. 32441. Farmers might rear calves free from tuber- culosis by boiling the mother's milk?—Yes, that is so. 32442. Is there any objection except the time and trouble that would be involved?—I don't know that there is any particular objection. Some people have said in regai'd to human beings that they have scurvy, but that is a point I am not qualified to speak upon. 32443. The Chaii!man.—Even on that there is a difference of opinion?—I am aware of that. I think in Denmark that boiled milk or pasteiu'ls^d milk has been >ised to a large extent, and I do not tliink any objection has been taken to it. 32444. Sir Stewart Woodhouse.—It would lessen the amount of tuberculosis up to the lactation period?— Yes. 3244o. It would start the calf free in life?—That is one of the steps that would have to be taken to establish a tubercle free herd. 32446. The Chairhiax.—If you feed it into the calf you get a bad chance of getting a sound cow?—In my experience as a meat inspector I have known young litters of pigs come to the abattoir all affected with tuberculosis, and my (conclusions have been these, that they have been fed with tuberculous milk, either from the cow or the sow. I have found tuberctilosis in the udder of the sow. It is quite uncommon, but I have found an occasional case. Dr. I\Ialcolm has a very fine specimen of it. because he put it to me in my examination. 32447. Thank you, Mr. Lloyd, we are much obliged for your attendance.—I am pleased to be of service, and I hope some good may result from your Commis- sion. In Ireland you are certainly in advance of Great Britain in regard to dealing with tuberculosis. The Chairjtan.—You think wo are?—Well, you have the powers at any rate. The Chaiisman.—We have power to pay compensa- tion, which you have not got apparently. The Cn)ii})iissi<)n thr.n (uljounicd uiilil flir joUoirinij (hiij. FIFTY-SEVENTH DAY.—MONDAY, 11th NOVEMBER, 1912. The Connnissionois met in tlie Queen's Hotel, Birmingliam, at 2 p.m. Present:—Sir Stewart Woodhouse, m.d. (in the Chair); Laky Everaed : Miss Margaret McNeill: .4lec. Wilson, Esq. 8. W. Str-4NGE, Esq., Secretary ' Mr. .J. W. RoHERTSON-ScOTT examined. 32448. Mr. J. \V. Kobertson-Scott, author of several books on rural subjects above the nom de (jucrrc Home Counties, including one about goats, said :— Perhaps it would be for the convenience of the Com- niission, sir, as I have had an opportunity of running rather rapidly through the evidence taken, if I were to itiake a little st.'itement of the points which have occurred to me as likelv to be of value. 32449. Sir Stewart W ooDHOUSE.—That is just what the Commission would like?—Well, in the first place, I .should like to say : I am a literary man, living in the country: I have been living in a village for eleven or twelve years, and it is in tli;it way I have become in- tercst<:d in goats. 32450. In Essex, I think?—Yes. In a small hamkt, and I liave been much struck by the cans of con- densed milk in the labourers' cottages, and by the way in which their families are deprived of cow 's milk.. As to goats, in running through the evidence, the first point which attracts my attention is that of tethering., I suppose, in regard to tethers, there must be a dozen different sorts, not one of which can be recommended as absolutely safe. In my own experience I have found the most convenient plan has been to make a kind of rough paddock in which to keep the goats practically confined, a place about the size of this room (about 30 feet by 20 feet), and to bring a great propor- tion of their food to them, and giving them exer.- Y](https://iiif.wellcomecollection.org/image/b21358485_1051.jp2/full/800%2C/0/default.jpg)
