Influence of climate in a commercial, social, sanitary, and humanizing point of view : being a paper read before the American Geographical and Statistical Society : accompanied by a map of the world showing the most important isothermal lines / by J. Disturnell.

  • John Disturnell
Date:
1860
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: Influence of climate in a commercial, social, sanitary, and humanizing point of view : being a paper read before the American Geographical and Statistical Society : accompanied by a map of the world showing the most important isothermal lines / by J. Disturnell. Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by the National Library of Medicine (U.S.), through the Medical Heritage Library. The original may be consulted at the National Library of Medicine (U.S.)

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    the remaining three. The highest permanent residence in Europe, is in the pass of Santa Maria—9,27:i feet. In the Andes of South America, man dwells much more aloft than in Europe. Potosi, the highest city on the globe, is 13,350 feet above the sea, which is but a trifle below the peak of Mount Blanc, where mortal never staved above two hours. Qttto, an important city, and the capital of the republic of Ecuador, situated in latitude, 13° south, with a population of about 60,000 souls, is elevated 9,543 feet above the ocean. This locality, and others similar- ly situated, although under or near the Equator, enjoys at a certain altitude all the benefits of a salubrious cli- mate and fruitful soil, as is obtained by those enjoying the same mean temperature on the plain in a more northern or southern latitude, thus showing conclusive- ly that Man, as well as the inferior animals, are alike benefited by a genial and bracing climate, where the severity of continued cold, or the scorching rays of a tropical sun are alike unknown. NOTE.-—The high Table Lands of Central America and Mexico, afford a most delightful climate at certain altitudes. In particular r.long the elevated plain, extending from the city of Mexico, 19' 26' N. Lat., to El Paso, 32° N. Lat, as follows: Table of Heights of Cities and Mountains, &c., Above the Sea, situated in different parts of the World. South America. Andes of Quito, or Ecuador. Cittts, &c. Population. Elevation in ft. Popayan, New Granada, 20,000 5,800 Loxa, 10,000 6,800 Santa Fe dk Bogata, 50,000 8,650 QtriTo, Ecuador, 60,000 9,543 Plateau of Pasco, 10,000 Huancavelica, 11,/>00 Antisana, 13,454 Pass of Assuny (Line of perpetual snow), 15,300 Height obtained by Humboldt and Bonpland, in 1820, 19,400 Height obtained by Boussingalt and Hall, in 1831, 19,700 Summit of Chimborazo,* 21,500 Andes of Peru and Bolivia. Chuquisaca, Bolivia, 12,000 9,250 La Paz, Bolivia, 20,000 12,226 LakeTitican 12,500 Potosi, Bolivia, 30,000 13,350 Aconm area, •. 15,500 Line of perpetual snow, 16,000 Cotopax i—volcano, 18,867 Highest flight of Condor 21,000 Peak of Aconcagua, Chili, summit of the Andes of South America,f 23,910 North America. Cordilleras of the Andes, Mexico. Jalapa, 10,000 4,000 Puebla 60,000 City of Mexico,^ 200,000 7,500 Zoluca, 12,000 8,500 Line of perpetual snow, 14,300 Summit of Orizaba, 17,000 Summit of Popocatepetl—volcano 17,600 * Elevated 6.200 feet above perpetual snow line. t Elevated 7,910 feet above the perpetual snow line. % Mean annual temperature 60° Fair. Variation during the year only 16 degrees. Cities, &c. Elevation. Mexico, 7,500 feet San Juan, 6,490 Qucretaro 6,363 Guanajuato, 6,836 Villa de Leon 6,133 Aguas Calientes, 6,261 Cities, &c. Elevation. San Luis Potosi, 6,090 feet. Zacatecas, 8,040 Durango, 6,848 Saltillo, 5,240 » Chihuahua, 4,638 ' El Paso, 3,812 « Population. Elevation in ft 3,937 10,000 4,351 4,519 4,800 6,350 10,000 6,846 7,085 8.365 10,000 12,000 12,000 13,570 14,000 15,700 16,000 16,775 Rocky Mountain Range. Cities, &c. Fort Fillmore, near El Paso, Great Salt Lake City, Utah, Fort Laramie, Nebraska, Fort Hall, Oregon, Fort Webster, New Mexico, Santa Fe, New Mexico, South Pass, Rocky Mountains, Fort Massachusetts, New Mexico, Coochecopa Pass, New Mexico, Pike's Peak, Kansas, Sierra Nevada, California, highest peak, est., Fremont's Peak, Nebraska Mount Baker, Washington Tcr., Mount Hooker. British America, Mount Brown, British America Mount St. Elias, Russian America, Europe. The Alps. Geneva, Switzerland 30,000 1,500 Chamonny, Switzerland, 3,000 3,300 Fake Lucon, Switzerland, 6,220 Simplon Pass, 6,500 Mount Cenia Pass, 6,773 Convent of St, Gothard, 6,900 Lake Toma (Source of the Rhine), 7,500 Convent of St. Bernard, 8,600 Stelvio Pass,* (Line of perpetual snow) 9,200 Pass of Col de Geant, 11,000 Summitof Jungfrau, 13,716 Summit of Mont Blanc,f 15,700 Asia. Himalaya Mountains. Cashmere, North Hindostan, 50.000 6,300 Darjeling,$ North India, , 7,500 Temple of Gangoutre, 10,200 Temple of Milum, 13,000 Source of the Ganges, 14,000 Lake Manasarooa, ] 5,000 Line of perpetual snow, 16,000 Mannering Pass (crossed by Gerard), 18,600 Height obtained by Gerard in 1848, 19,400 Peak of Chamalari, 24,000 Peak of Dhawalagiu, 27 000 Peak of Kunchinginga, 28,000 The latter summit, the highest in the world, is 12,000 above the line of perpetual snow, being higher by 8,GOO feet than man ever reached on foot. The intrepid aeronaut Green, in 1838, rose to the great height of 27,000 feet. * The highest permanent habitation in Europe. + Elevated 4.Hon feet above the snow line. X A British sanatory station for the troops in India; situated in N. Lat. '27 8': E Long. 88° 28 , being about 31S miles north of Calcutta.