On the retina of amphibia and reptiles / by J. W. Hulke.

  • Hulke, J. W.
Date:
[1867]
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: On the retina of amphibia and reptiles / by J. W. Hulke. Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by UCL Library Services. The original may be consulted at UCL (University College London)

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    ON THE RETINA OF AMPHIBIA AND REPTILES, by J. W. Hulke, Assistant-Surgeon to the Middlesex and Royal London Ophthalmic Hospitals, and joint Lecturer on Physiology in the Middlesex Hospital Medical School In this paper I have sought to embody the results of a study of the amphibian and reptilian retina begun in 1862, and comprising now bufo vulgaris, rana temporaria, triton cristatus, the black and golden salamander of Europe, boa constrictor, natrix torquata, vipera communis, anguis fragilis, chameleon, Spanish gecho, iguana (tuberculata?), lacerta viridis, a larger blue-spotted lizard, testudo Graeca, emys or terrapene, and chelonia mydas. In all of these animals the retina shews the following layers in regular sequence from its outer to its inner surface1: 1. Bacillary layer = Layer of cones and rods = Jacob's mem- brane. j j Collectively these form H. Muller's and 2. uter-granu e . Kolliker's Kornerschicht, with its three 3. Inter-granule L > . • , ^ , , b , _ subdivisions, and Bowman s agglome- 4. Inner-granule I. J rated 5. Granular 1 = Kolliker's Lage grauer Hirnsubstanz. = H. Muller's granulose Schicht, = Bowman's grey vesicular layer. 6. Ganglionic 1 = Muller's Nervenzellenschicht, = Bow- man's caudate, nucleated vesicles. 7. Optic nerve 1. The plan which I have proposed to myself is to describe these layers seriatim, then to trace the continuity of the nervous and of the connective elements throughout the layers and interpret their physio- logical offices, and lastly to sketch the important structural modifi- cations which mark the centre and the ora retinae. 1. Bacillary layer.—In most of the animals comprehended in my study this layer contains both cones and rods, but in the chameleon, iguana, gecho, snake and viper, I found only one kind of bacillary element. PI. I. figs. 1—12. The cones and rods both consist of an outer and an inner segment, the former termed the shaft, the latter called the ap- pendage or body. These parts are divided by a bright transverse line, at which the slightest force separates them. The constant occurrence 1 In this paper outer always refers to the retinal surface towards the choroid, and inner to that towards the vitreous humour.
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