Bartholinus anatomy; made from the precepts of his father, and from the observations of all modern anatomists, together with his own ... In four books and four manuals answering to the said books / ... Published by Nich. Culpeper and Abdiah Cole.
- Thomas Bartholin
- Date:
- 1668
Licence: Public Domain Mark
Credit: Bartholinus anatomy; made from the precepts of his father, and from the observations of all modern anatomists, together with his own ... In four books and four manuals answering to the said books / ... Published by Nich. Culpeper and Abdiah Cole. Source: Wellcome Collection.
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![Its Connexion. As to its Connexion : Tome skin is eafily fcparated from the parts under it; as in the lower and middle Belly, in the Arms and Thighs. From others with more diffi¬ culty bv reafon of the thick Membrane to which it is faftned by the Fibres, and by means of the Veffels. In the foies of the Feet and Palms of the Hands,it is hard¬ ly feparated, to which parts it grows that they might lay the fafter hold. Alfo hardly from the flelh of the Forehead and of the whole Face, especially of the Ears and Lips, by reafon of tendons and Mufcles mixed therewith, efpecially the Mufcle Latus fo called,ming¬ led therewith. So, in the Forehead it is moveable, and in the hinder part of the Head of fome People by reafon of peculiar Mufcles; but it is not fo in the reft of the Body. The skin hath received common Vef¬ fels, for Nourifhment, Life and Senfe. It hath received two cutany Veins, through the Head and Neck, from the Jugulars; two through the Arms, Breaft and Back, from the Axillaries; two- through the lower Belly , Loyns and Legs, from the Groyns, which are Confplicuous in women after hard Labor, and irrfuch as have the Varices in many bran¬ ches. It hath few Arteries, And thofe very fmall, in the temples and Forehead, Fingers, Cod and Yard. It hath no Nerves creeping in it, but it hath many en¬ ding in it, as Galen conceived .- though lohannes Vejlm- gus th^ prime Anatomift of Padua fayes there are very fmall branches of Nerves running through the skin ; and that rightly, for their prefence was neceffary to caule the fenfe of Feeling. CHAP. III. Its Veffels. Of FAT. What fat A?rj' At is a limitary Body void of Life, -*• growing together out of Oyly blood , by reafon of the coldnefs of the Membranes, for rhe fafegard of the whole Body. That it is void of Life , appears in that it is cut without pain , and Confump- tionsthereoffhew as much. Therefore Pliny writes that living fowes are gnawn by Mice ; and AElian re¬ ports that the Tyrant Dionyfius was fo Fat, that when he was a deep,the pricking of Needles could not awake him. Alfo in Greenland they cut fat out of living Whales which they never feel nor perceive. Pinguedo fat, which the Greeks term Pimele, is by Ga^a ill tranflated Adeps: for Pinguedo is an Aiery hot and moift fnbftance of the moifter forts of Ani¬ mals, and is more eafily melted with heat, and will fcarce ever become hard again, nor can it be broken, and it is foft, laxe and rare .- but under- ftand the contrary in Suet,which eafily grows hard and ftift, but is hardly diffolved, &c. Now fat to lpeak properly , is not a part, but rather an humor ? unlefs haply it be confidered together with the Membrane,as many times it is by Galen. The reafon of our order is this j becaufe fat in a man is between the skin and the fleffiy Membrane, in Brutes it lies under the Membrane which moves the The difference between Pia- guedo and A- deps. Pat is not a part of the Body. what parts ha ve Frit; and what not. ■ Kin. Thofe parts are void of fat, which could receive no profit thereby but hindrance by refilling convenient Complication and Diftenfion, as the Brain, Eyelids, Yard, Cod, and Membranes of the Tefticles. Nowit is chiefly in thole parts which are more ftrongly moved then the reft, hard like Suet, and interwoven between the Fibres and little Veins, as la the Palm of the Hand, the inner fides of the Fingers ffor there are many tendons,Nerves and Veffels, which ought to be moiftened) in the foie of the Foot, efpeci- ally the Heel. It is fofter in fuo'dry parts, of which in their place. Caciliui Folius hath iarely written ] It is not made that theanatter whereof fat is made, is of Chyle. the milky juyee, or fatter portion of j the Chylus, and that therewith the Bones are nouriffi- ed. To which opinion I oppofe. 1.. Thar fuch as eat fat meats, do not prefently grow fat. 2. That the, Chylus is too crude to nourifh the parts. 3. That Children fnould prefently become fat as we fee it hap¬ pen in Children new born, who have been nourilhed only with their Mothers Blood. 4. That the Chylus is necelfarily changed before it come unto the Parts, y. There is no paflage from the Mefentery to the ex- tream parts of the body; for it is neither fuckt through the Membranes, as fome learned men fuppofe, nor is it carried through the Glandules. Not the former. 1. Becaufe they are thicker, then to fuck and draw as threads. 2. They would appear fwoln, and would in Anatomy difcover fome Oyly moifture in them. Nor the tatter, 1. Becaufe the Kernels are not continued with the fat parts. 2. Nor do they receive any profit¬ able humor, but Excrements, yea they abound with a white, fiegmatick, but not a fat humor. 3. We ob- ferve that many creatures grow fat which have no Ker¬ nels. Now the fatter part of the Chyle is the material cauie of farnefs, but it is only the remote caufe, and therefore in deed and truth. The Matter thereof is Unanimoufly But of Blood. concluded to be Blood, whence Ariflotle tayes, that fuch Creatures as have no Blood, have nei¬ ther Fat nor Suet: butitmuftbe blood Purified and Abfolutely concofled, nor yet all fuch blood, but that which is thin, Aiery and Oyly. It refem- I bles the buttery fubftance of Milk, and J That blood is rhe Oyly fubftance of Seed ; and there- j Aiery and oyly fore Anjlotle did well deny Fat to be j moift; with a watery moifture, his meaning was, not with an Aiery. Againft whom Pernelius and Columbus have written. And when fat is made of Oyly Blood much ofthe heat is loft. Whence Ariflotle fayes ; Such things as are condenfed by cold, 0 it of them much heat is for¬ ced andfqaetged. And in another place: Natural matters are fuch, as the place is wherein they are. Therefore the nature of Fat is colder Fat is colder rhen that of blood, yet is it moderately then Bloody hot; Fori. Outwardly applyed, it yet moderate- Digefts, Refolves, Difcuffes. 2. It is ly hot. the thinner and more Oyly part of the blood. 3. It eafily takes fire. 4. It encreales the heat within, as the Caul afliftsthe Stomachs Conco- ftion, &c. Some will have it to be cold, becaufe Ariflotle fayes,' whatever things grow together by cold, and are mel¬ ted by Hear, are cold. But Fat is congealed by cold. I anfwer ; Fat is cold in refpett of the Heat which be¬ fore it had, while it was blood. But we muftlearri from the fame Ariflotle, that fuch things as having beers congealed by cold, are melted with an eafie Heat,have not loft much of their Hornefs. 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