Bartholinus anatomy; made from the precepts of his father, and from the observations of all modern anatomists, together with his own ... In four books and four manuals answering to the said books / ... Published by Nich. Culpeper and Abdiah Cole.

Thomas Bartholin

Date:: 1668

Credit: Bartholinus anatomy; made from the precepts of his father, and from the observations of all modern anatomists, together with his own ... In four books and four manuals answering to the said books / ... Published by Nich. Culpeper and Abdiah Cole. Source: Wellcome Collection.

256/274 (page 366)

$Armies ere joyned to the Veins by mamfett ^aftorn- fes. and by thofe Auaftomofcs the blood cntnng into the Vein, is again carried through all the foremenuoned ^°Jrney* r Thefe are the Veffete by which the blood flows from the Hearc. But from the Vcfct of the Arteries it goes into the It goes eat of the Arteries _ into ttoe Veins. By Antftmofes. And through the Vhjh. And that motion of the Bloo.u Is continual. Veins after a double manner ; firftand moft ufually by Anafiomofes , by which the Arteries are joyned to the Veins , | which Annjiomof s arc lometimcs great and in tire greater Veffete as about the Spleen, in the Bid¬ der, in the Womb, in the Womb-livr; Ana the molt accurate B (lews obferves the like Anaftomofu d the Ar- liria. Aorta’into the Vena cava of thzBily , but 1 could ne¬ ver yet befo happy as to flr.de it in the Body ot Man or leaft. And therefore they are not all in the extream parts the Bodv, but forae in the. middle parts: and therefore we fee in a Cripple whofc limbs are cut off, the lame mot.* on of the blood continued out of the Arteries into the Veins. ]Secondly ic feems alfo pofhbie that Blood may pafs out of the Arteries in¬ to the Veins , through the flefh it felf: jfor we lee when a Vein is opened till the colour change, Inflamations fall, becaufe the Blood fhed cut of the Veffete, is drawn out of the Flefh. But I con¬ ceive the paffage of the Blood thi* way is but feldomc and an fmall quantity. , , So that ic is now, 1 conceive, clear, rvhat the motion of the Blood is, and by whaewaies it is accomplifhcd : ic fol¬ lows that we enquire, what fond of mo¬ tion it is,and how it is performed. I have ofcferved that this Motion of (the Blood out of the Heart into the Veins, from the Veins into the Heart, is continual never cleafing, nor once flopped or interrupted for a moment o time. And the truth is, feeing the faid motion is made, as tvefhall fee anon, becaufe the Heart receives and transits, and feeing this motion lifts perpetually all the life long,the faid motion of the blood , cannot but naturally be conti- *mall. , ,. . , , Alfo the motion of the Blood is quick, tor an Arterv or Vein being bound comprelled,it imme¬ diately fvvells and grows round and hard: and when tj.e Ugafture and compreflure are taken away, the blood is feen to be fwiftly moved. But how foon the blood performs its Circuit from the Heart and to the Heart again , I cannot precifely determine. Wc obferve ic is done fooner by an Anaftomofis near the Hearty than by one off i nor will I be much againfl him that fhall fay the greateft Circuit from the remoteft parts of the body is performed in left than a quarter of an hour; for the blood paffeth with exceeding celerity. Huwbeit ic goeth not fo fwiftly, as we fee it leap out when a vein or Artery is opened, becaufe then it is moved in the free and open Air j but within the body it is eompreffed to lift up its vtffels, and to thruft on the fore¬ going blood. , And therefore wc fee an Artery being cut open efpeciahy if near the heart, is fooner emptied than the heart can fap- ply ic with new blood. But if this be true , why do Feavers Vor do the Fits of return once ia a quarter of an hour , Agues argue any feeing the Fit feems then to happen, etb.r. \ when the corrupt matter comes to | the heart ? whereas now fome fits come every day , others every third , and fome every fourth day. Truly, i will not deny, that it may fall out, that when the Corrupt mat er comes to the heart , the Fit mu} happen, as Harvey hath an example thereof, in che 16. chapter ef his Book. But L do not think it is neceflary,for fome portion may flip out of che corrupt Semi¬ nary, ci fome footy ftream may arile, and go into the hearc and fo raife the Feaver , as moft Feavers are feen to anfc from the Inflammation of the Parts, which the Iropofthuntre being opened and thi Quitter removed , do ceale. And a* fuch kinde of fymptomatick Feavers; even fo alfo may forae. intermitting Feavers and Agues happen, by reaion of fame matter fhut up, within or without the Veflels , which by putrifying every day, every third day, or every fourth day, rcgurgitacing or fuming into the large Veffete, may bring the Fit. Quick. So that the vrhelc ci, - cuit or round is per¬ formed in lefs than a quarter of an hour. Nor the Exactr- bil io\s of Feavers. Not of like vehe¬ mence in the Arte- ties and Veins. *' in continual Feavers I confefs, whefe matter is to flick to the larger v:flcls,it is harder to ihew a reafon why there fhould not be a Fit or Exacerbation at every Circuit of the blood- But 1 conceive 1 may allcdg the fame caufc which is vulgarly given , why continual Feavers are not allwaies alike feire* ; becaule, chough the matter be fufftciently near the Heart, yet it d#th not caufe a Paroxifm till icharfc attained a certain degree of putrifa&ion : and that the Fit lafts fo long, till that putrid matter be evacuated , which touches the Heart, or fends its Fumes thereto.. But I fup- pofe no man,becaufe of the reafon of the return «f Ague-fits, which is altogether abftrufe and unknown , will deny the motion of the blood to be very quick, which is a very roa*? riifeft thing. Befides fwiftnefs, the bicod hath ; vehemence in its motion , which ap- 77; sT/itition is alfo pears from what we have faid touch- vehement. ing the Hardneffc and Tenflon or flretching, which the Veins and Arteries acquire when they are bound: for nothing can b« diftended by a li¬ quid Subftance into an extream hardnefs efpecially up¬ wards , unlcfs ic be vehemently driven thereinto or re¬ tained therein. But this vehemence, of motion is chiefly near the Heart, removed from which it grows by de¬ grees lefler and Idler, fo that tlie lit¬ tle Arteries in the remote pares, do not pulfe , unlefs fome impulfe of blood greater than o.rrf dinary do happen , as we obferve to happen in Feavers » therefore it is that tfye Veins arc not feen to pulfe , be- caufe the impulfe of the Blood is lefs in them than it is in the fmalleft Arteries j and becaufe the Veins joyned to che Arteries by Anaft*mofis, when they go from them , divide thcmfelves into more little branches and twigs than the Arteries do , for when Rivers are divided into divers Arms the force of the waters motion is abated. And therefore when fome Arms of a Vein are {hut , cithet by fomething prefling them , as in certain Tumors , oc fomewhat which flops them , as in the Varices, the blood flipping back by its own weight, the force of the bloods motion is then again obfetved, and the Veins are feen to pulfe : for I have often obferved in the Veins which ard cranfparent through the Skin , thatmeftof thofe palpita¬ tions in the parts, which are thought to proceed froth Winds, ate nothing elfe but the pulfations- of the veins. And becaufe'the motion is more vehet- ment in the Arteries than in! the Veins, it feems at firft fight to be fwifter alfo in the Arteries than in the Fcm-juft as Men,Hol¬ ies, and other Animals which move thcmfelves with grcaC labour, and through miftake judged many times to make the greater fpced. For the Blood forced through the Ar¬ teries cannot all pafs through the Anaflomofes , becaufe it comes out of a wide place into a narrow , and th»reforc it is accumulated 'in the Arteries, they are dilated , in which dilation they perfifl a fmall time , wherefore in the middle of the dilation and in the whole tim® of the reft, that fame force doth very little further the quicknef® efth; bloods motion, which motion is huh* mean t me ret the puds Quhkiiifi iti both. more$