The topographical anatomy of the head and neck of the horse / [O. Charnock Bradley].
- Orlando Charnock Bradley
- Date:
- 1923
Licence: In copyright
Credit: The topographical anatomy of the head and neck of the horse / [O. Charnock Bradley]. Source: Wellcome Collection.
21/248 page 5
![I HEAD AND NECK OF THE HORSE 5 which it is inserted in common with the sterno-hyoid muscle. In the cranial half or more of the neck the omo-hyoid muscle lies between the jugular vein and the common carotid arter3\ The small nerve of the muscle, derived from the first cervical, should be sought a short distance from the hyoid attachment. A. c.-VROTis COMMUNIS—As it lies ventral to the trachea at the entrance to the chest, the bicarotid trunk divides into the riofht and left common carotid ^ arteries. Each of these as it travels up the neck crosses the line of the trachea very oblicpiely, so that, while the artery at its commencement is ventral to the trachea, its termination is dorsal to this tube. While the right artery is in contact medially with the trachea, the left vessel is related also to the oesophagus. Running along the dorsal border of each common carotid artery is the nerve cord formed by the vagus and the sympathetic, while along the ventral border is the recurrent nerve. Dorsally each artery is in con¬ tact with the longus colli and longus capitis muscles. The scalenus lies lateral to the artery in the lower part of the neck, and the omo-hyoid muscle is in a similar relation from the sixth (or fifth) cervical vertebra onwards. As has already been noted, caudal to the fifth cervical vertebra the carotid artery and the jugular vein lie together. The right and left common carotid arteries end on the wall of the pharynx, about the level of the cricoid cartilage of the larynx, by divid¬ ing into the occipital and the internal and external carotid arteries. The branches of the common carotid artery are as follows :— (1) Rami muHCidares.—Branches of varying size supply the muscles ventral to the trachea, and the brachio-cephalic, longus colli, longus capitis and scalenus muscles. (2) Rami tesopJcayei and rami tracheales supply the oesophagus and trachea respectively. (8) Very small rami lymplioglandulares supply the middle group of cervical lymph glands. (4) A. 'parotidexi.—An artery of considerable size supplies the ventral part of the parotid gland. (5) A. tky reoldea. (craniali.y.—The thyroid artery is the largest branch of the common carotid, from which it arises within a short distance of the termination of this vessel. The artery pursues a curved course round the cranial end of the thyroid gland, furnishing numerous branches from the concave side of the curve to the gland itself and the * KupioTLs (carotis) [(fr.], from Kcipos (caros), deep slee]). It is stated that the ancients believed tliat sleep was induced by an increased How of blood througli the arteries j)assing to the heiid.](https://iiif.wellcomecollection.org/image/b29820066_0021.jp2/full/800%2C/0/default.jpg)
