Report of the Commissioners appointed to inquire into the regulations affecting the sanitary condition of the army, the organization of military hospitals, and the treatment of the sick and wounded ; with evidence and appendix. Presented to both Houses of Parliament by Command of Her Majesty.

Great Britain. Royal Commission Appointed to Inquire into the Sanitary Condition of the Army.

Date:: 1858

Credit: Report of the Commissioners appointed to inquire into the regulations affecting the sanitary condition of the army, the organization of military hospitals, and the treatment of the sick and wounded ; with evidence and appendix. Presented to both Houses of Parliament by Command of Her Majesty. Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine Library & Archives Service. The original may be consulted at London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine Library & Archives Service.

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$INDEX TO EVIDENCE. Abbreviations used in the Index.—A.M.B. Army Medical Board. A.M.D. Army Medical Department. RI.O. Medical Orticer. P.M.O. Principal Medical Oificer. D.G. Director-General of the Army Medical Department. G.H. General Hospital. R. H. Regimental Hospital. H.Q. Head Quarters. CO. Commanding Officer. R.E. Royal P^ngineers. [The figures refer to the number of the question.] SUBJECTS. MEDICAL OFFICERS. AiiMY—Candidates; Probationers; Assistant-Surgeons; Surgeons; Department generally ; Pay and Allowances; Promotion ; Reduction and Restoration to Full-pay ; Rank ; Rewards ; Roster of Service ; Leave of Absence ; Inspections; Uniform; Funeral honours; Dispensers; Medical Board. Navy,—Candidates; Assistant-Surgeons; Department gene- rally ; Pay ; Promotion ; Retirement. E. I. C. S Candidates; Assislant-Surgcons ; Regitnental Surgeons; Superintending Surgeons; Department gene- rally ; Pay ; Rank and Rewards; Medical Board. French Aumy.—Probationers; Grades of M.O.; Rank; Promotion ; Retirement; Council of Healtli. Belgian AiiMY—Grades; Promotion; Retirement. SANITARY SCIENCE. Military Hygiene. Sanitary Measures.—Ventilation; Heating; Occupation for Soldiers. Sanitary Officer.—To the Army; Field Inspector; Sani- tary Defects at Scutari. RETURNS, REPORTS, &c. Medical Registers; Periodical publication ; Diet Rolls. Confidential Reports. STATISTICS. SICKNESS AND IMORTALITY. Army.—At home ; compared with civil population ; causes of; in India ; Mortality in the Crimea. City Police Force.—Vital Statistics of. Invaliping.—Out-pensioners; In-pensioners. BARRACKS AND ENCAMPMENTS. Encampments ; Barracks ; their Construction and Repair ; Sanitary Defects; insui'iiclent Accommodation for Married Soldiers; Barracks in India; French Barracks; Belgian ditto. RATIONS AND MESSING. Mode of Supply ; Insufficiency of Ration ; Cooking ; Ra- tions on Field Service ; Spirit Ration. CLOTHING. Clotliing generally; Shako; Forage Cap; Shirt; Stock; Great Coat ; Trowsers ; Waist belt ; Knapsack ; Boots ; Supply of Necessaries. French Army.—Recruiting and Pay ; Rations; Duty ; Clothing. HOSPITALS. British; Military.— Construction and Repairs; System of Supply; Chatham Hospitals; Fort Pitt; Portsn outh ; Winchester ; Netley ; Scutari ; Balaklava : General Hospitals; tlieir Construction; Nursing; Hospital Serjeants ; Field Hospitals, general, divisional, and regi» mental; Hospital Diets; Military Hospitals in India. Naval—generally ; Haslar ; Melville Hospital. Civil -In the East; Renkioi, Smyrna. London Hospital; Guy's. Foreign Hospitals.—French—Paris Hospitals generally; Lariboisiere ; La Charite ; Beaujon ; Hotel Dieu ; St. Antoinc ; St. Louis ; Val de Griice (Military) ; Vincennes (Military). Bd<j,iaii—St. Jean; St. Pierre; Military Hos- pital at Brussels. Lunatic Asylums.—Military and Civil; Yarmouth; Fort Pitt; Haslar, TRANSPORT. For Sick and Wounded. MEDICAL OFFICERS. A RMY, Candidates. —'^loAe of selection {Smith'), 2. — Medical schools allowed to recommend two or three students for commissions annually (Smith), 4.—Now obtained by public competition (^Smilh), 4. - Insufficient supply of candidates (Smith), 4, 80-4, 7308-15.-May be obviated by increasing the inducements( Smith), 4, 7335 ; (/-ergusson), 645 ; (Paget), 735-40 ; (Parte),783-7. — Rank, position, and remuneration of A.M.t). insufficient to attract the best students (Biodie), 542-6, 5')9-53, 623; (Ferg«sst?«), 642-4 ; (Paget), 716; (Parhes), 781; (Mencr), 964; (Smith), 7323-33.—E. I. Co. get the best men at present (Siniih), 4, 7320.—And get enougii of candidates (Smith), 7317-19 Qualifications: must possess adiplomn,and pass an examination (Smith), 2. — Diplomas of London, Edin- burgh, and Dublin evidences of very different qualiticalions (Smith), 26-9 No ditl'erence made in the examination at A.M.13. (Smith', 31.-—Nor in exann'nalion of those who have and who have not attended lectures on military surgery ( Smith), 66. — Proof of medical as well as surgical qualification should be required (Brodie), 611-15 ; (Paget), 744-8 ; {Meyer), 954 ; (Alexander), 2452-3, 2488-93; (Brown), 2800-3; (Gib- son), 9124—Exan-ination at A.M.B. supplies the deficiency (Hall), 5589.—Examinations are oral and in writing ( 2, 32.—Candidates arc rejected if they do not come up to a minimum fixed standard of qualification (Smith), 4.—Two or three are rejecled arioually (Smith), 4—Chiefly rejected for Latin (Smitl ), 29. - Proportion of rejections at A.I\1.B. very small (Hall), 5597-6O0-—Candidates occasionally examined in sanitary seieutt(5';ni7/i),10.—Knowledge of sanitary science not imperative, but is very important ( S/HiV/i), 11, 12.— Examina- tions at A.M.B. more practical than scholastic (Smith), 100.— Examinations should be practical and competiti\e (Alexander), MEDICAL OFFICERS—eo«<. 2456-7; (iWup?eto«), 4486-93 ; (Hall), 5593,5606-7; (Git- son), 9123. - Competitive examinations useful in raisinjr the standard of qualification ( Parkes), 765.—Practical examination before going to Chatham unnecessary (Smith), 77-8. — Dr. Smith and three other M.O. are the examiners (Smith), 79, lOo Thinks the officers quite competent to i;onduct the examinations (Smith), 85.-- Candidates shotdd be exainined by a Board of Army M.O. in presence of the D.G. (Smith), 1, J 24. — Head of department shoidd attend to acquire a knowledge of individual candidates (Smith), 93-5; (Liddell), 263.—Proposed professors at Netley might form a board of ex:nniners (Smith), 102-3.—Special examiners might be desi- rable (Smith), 86-7, I27-S.—But objects to it as a slur on the A.M.D (Snuth), 92, 125-6.—Same objection would hold as to Navy, but not E.I. C'o's. service (Smith), 93. .An independent and special body of examiners desirable (lirodie), r,\9(Paget), 727-32, 751-2; (Parhes), 762 ; (.Meijer), 960 ; (Alexander), 24.'i8 ; ( Ilrown), 2796.—Disadvan- tageous (Hall), 5608.—The same board might examine for army, navy, and K.I. Co. (Parhes), 806-11.—A practical exa- miner necL'Ssary for a good examinailon (Brodie), 520-1.— Teachers the best examiners (Brodie), 512 ; (Pa^'d), 733-4 ; (Brown), 2798.—A good examiner could ascertain the relative merits of candidates (Brudie), 551. — Cases with commentaries a useful test, better than essays (Brodie), 558, 561*.— Decision of the merits of these very difficult (Parhes), 788-99. A good general education most desirable (Brodie),'526-7, 537-40; (Fergusson), 628; (Mei/er), 957-9; (Alexander), 2454-5! — j\lay be brought up gradually to a higher standard (Brodie), 531-3, 561*. Probatijners.— Formetly lived at their own cost (Smith), 4.— Latterly the three seniors gran ted 6s. a da v and allowances (An/f/i), 4 G$