Specification of Sir James Murray : deodorizing sewage matters, manufacture and distribution of manures, &c.

  • James Murray
Date:
1857
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: Specification of Sir James Murray : deodorizing sewage matters, manufacture and distribution of manures, &c. Source: Wellcome Collection.

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    /Sir J, Murray s Improved Method of Deodorizing Sewage Matters, ^c, may be required, without the aid of pistons or such mechanism as is usually employed when steam and other gases and fluids are used as a motive power. To effect these improvements, I use strong vats or condensing vessels or boats, placed in water or in the ground, or above it, one or more of them at equal or at different levels, and fixed or moveable, as may be most convenient, 5 or to float on rivers, bays, or canals, or to be immersed at shores or wharves. The vessel or vessels are well fortified by walls of earth or clay, puddling hoops, frames, bars, or other supports surrounding them externally, so as to bear or be capable of resisting a pressure of from one to five or six atmo¬ spheres ; they are also lined by metallic or other plates, timber, tiles, slate, or 10 by suitable lutes, cements, gutta percha, or india-rubber, resinous, vitrious, or bituminous covering or coating, or by animal, vegetable, or mineral fabrics adapted to render the inner surface of these vessels or condensers air-tight. The condensers are also furnished with strong pipes or tubes having suitable valves or cocks to admit gas, steam, or vapour, for discharging sewage drainage, liquid manures, or gas liquors, with any solid or other deposits, animal or vegetable, that may be suspended or commingled in these fluids. Some of these vessels are also fitted inside with fans or chains on axles or shafts suitable for agitating such liquid mixtures, and also revolving or passing through them acids and carbonates to evolve streams of fixed air, so as to carbonate the liquids, abate offensive smells, fix volatile vapors, ammonia, and the like, and render the products better adapted for fertilising lands and crops, and also to press on the fluids to impel them or other bodies. Further, I generate within these vessels themselves, or force into them from separate generators, a great excess of fixed air, more than saturates these liquid manures, ^5 so as to press upon their surface and force them up the pipes (when opened) to any convenient height or distance, or so as to be discharged into reservoirs. Tats, or cisterns, in order that by renewed impregnation with and compression by fixed air, the liquid manures, and the solid particles, mixed, suspended, or carried in the fluids, may, with the excess of fixed air, be discharged again 30 either into pipes or into a higher series ‘ of cisterns, vessels, or reservoir, so as to attain the required elevation. I obtain the fixed air from carbonates of lime, limestones, shells, bones, coraline or the like, or of magnesia, or alcaline carbonates, bicarbonites, or subcarbonates, previously introduced into the condensers or generators in perforated cages or nets at the bottom; after which, or before it, equivalents of a mineral acid or acids, diluted or concentrated, or mixed into a dry state with light porous or suitable animal, vegetable, or mineral powders, such as charcoal, coprolite, and apatite, soot or bonedust, acidulous salts, or sulphurous acid, or other acid
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