A treatise on chemistry. Vol. III, The chemistry of the hydrocarbons and their derivatives, or, Organic chemistry. Part I / by H.E. Roscoe & C. Schorlemmer.

  • Henry Enfield Roscoe
Date:
1881
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: A treatise on chemistry. Vol. III, The chemistry of the hydrocarbons and their derivatives, or, Organic chemistry. Part I / by H.E. Roscoe & C. Schorlemmer. Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by University of Bristol Library. The original may be consulted at University of Bristol Library.

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    is decomposed with formation of methyl alcohol and hydriodic acid.' Methyl iodide can be inflamed only with difiiculty, and burns when a flame is brought into its neighboui'hood with a steel-grey coloured flame and with evolution of dense violet fumes of iodine. Methyl Fluoride, CHgF, was first prepared by Dumas and Peligot^ in 1836, by heating potassium fluoride with potassium methyl sulphate. It is a colourless gas with an ethereal odour, which takes fire and burns with a blue flame with formation of hydrofluoric acid. 135 Normal Methyl Sulphite, (CHg), SO3, is formed by the action of thionyl chloride, SOCl,, on wood-spirit. It is a pleasant smelling liqviid boiling at 121°'5 and having a specific gravity at 16° of 1'0456.^ Ebelmen and Bouquet found the vapour density to be 4'78. If a small quantity of caustic potash be added to its alcoholic solution, needles of potassium methyl sulphite, K(CH3)S03 are deposited. Hydrogen Methyl Sidphate, or Methyl Sidphuric Acid, H(CH3)S0^, was obtained by Dumas and Peligot by mixing one part of methyl alcohol with two parts of sulphuric acid, when the mixture becomes hot and the following reaction takes place : CH3.OH + H2SO, = H(CE3)S0, + HgO. A limit is placed on the reaction by the formation of water, and for this reason the liquid always contains free sulphuric acid and methyl alcohol. In order to remove these, the mixture is diluted with water, neutralised with barium carbonate, filtered, and sulphuric acid added to the solution until all the barium is thrown down. The filtrate, on evaporation in a vacuum, is said to yield methyl sulphuric acid in deliquescent crystals, although this statement is denied by Claesson.^ He obtained the anhy- drous acid by allowing methyl alcohol to drop into chlorsulphonic acid cooled by ice : ^^^}gF' + HO.CH3 = SO^Iq^jj^ + HCl. The product, which contains some free sulphuric acid together with hydrochloric acid and methyl chlorosulphonate, ' Niederist, Licbiys Annalcn, cxcvi. 349. = Ann. Cliim. Phys. [2], Ixi. 193. ^ Carius, Ann. Cliem. Pharm. ex. 219 ; cxi, 97. ' Journ. Pr. Chem. N. F. xix. 231.