Antiquæ linguæ Britannicæ thesaurus. A Welsh and English dictionary, wherein the Welsh words are often exemplified by select quotations from celebrated ancient authors; and many of them etymologized, and compared with the Oriental and other languages ... adorned with many valuable British antiquities, to elucidate the meaning of obscure words. To which are annexed, a Welsh and English botanology, and a large collection of Welsh proverbs. And to the whole is prefixed, a compendious Welsh grammar, with the rules in English; also, to which are added, The rules of Welsh poetry / By the late Rev. Thomas Richards, Coychurch.

Thomas Richards of Coychurch

Date:: 1839

Credit: Antiquæ linguæ Britannicæ thesaurus. A Welsh and English dictionary, wherein the Welsh words are often exemplified by select quotations from celebrated ancient authors; and many of them etymologized, and compared with the Oriental and other languages ... adorned with many valuable British antiquities, to elucidate the meaning of obscure words. To which are annexed, a Welsh and English botanology, and a large collection of Welsh proverbs. And to the whole is prefixed, a compendious Welsh grammar, with the rules in English; also, to which are added, The rules of Welsh poetry / By the late Rev. Thomas Richards, Coychurch. Source: Wellcome Collection.

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Somc words ending'in a make tlîeir plural by adding another syllable ; cynnulU eidfa, pl. ci/mmlleidfaoedd; tyrfa, tyrfaoedd; poifa^porfeydd. Every addition mahes the plural Ìonger by oue syllable than the singular, as, iad, tadau; mam, mammau; cadachf cadàcìiau; tir, tiroedd; hoel, hoelion; ysgy- farnog, ysgyfarnogod. Monosyliables, which have' the vowel e with a consonant after it, become plurals by adding a syllable, sls, merch, merched; pen, pennau; and some nouns of many syllables, as, colommen, colommennod. Pollysyllables in on, as, cynffon, cynffbnnau. All in od, as, defod, defodau; cernod, cernodiau. In ol, as ebol, ebolion, heol, heoìydd, rheol, rheolau. în i, ss,pi,piod, gwengci, giuenciod. Ci, cwn, is an anomal. Some have two syllable edded : as, aordderch, sordderchadon, dyn, duniadon, mongtheancients. ^ ^ ^ ^ CHAP VIII. OF PLURALS, FORMED BY CHaNGING ONLY THE YOWELS OR DIPHTHONGS OF THE SINGULAHS. A CHANGE alone is only in some words, that end with a cousonant; but all words that end with a vowel, are formed by adding a syllable. This change is of a vowel into a vowel or diphthong ; or of a diphthong into another diphthong. A, in monosyllables is changed for the most partinto ei, in their plural ; as, march, meirch, hardd, heirdd, hardd, beirdd, arf, eirf. Campiís eirfcwmpas arfoll. D. G. So larll, sarph, tarw, carw, marw, carr, arth, gast, iar, gafr. Bardd is also de- clined by adding and changing, heirdd and heirddion. So marw, ìiieirw, and meiricon. A. issometimes changed into ai, as, hran, hrain. O in the singular, is reguiarly changed into ; SiS, fforch,ffyrch,ffordd,ffyräd. So porth, torch, mollt, hollt, post, cort, corph, pont, gordd, corn. W is changed lihewise into y, as, iiwdn, trillydn, canllydn. But lolo said ieirch for iyrchod, from the sing. iwrch. Gwr, gwyr, tŷ, tai, are anomals. The vowel e is not changedhere. The diphthongs of monosyllables are changed thus:— Aeìs changed into ai, as, draen, drain, maen,main. Oe into wy, as, croen, crwyn, oen, wyn. But troed makes traed. The other diphthongs are not changed here. THE CHANGES OF YOWELS IN DISSYLABLES, TO RENDER THEM PLURALS, STAND THUS:— Such ashave a in the penultima,and a, e,or w, in the ultima change the a of the penultiraa into e, and the a, e, and w, of the ultima into y. Words which have a in the ultima and penultima, are, paladr, pelydr, alarch, eìyrch, aradr,erydr,tarculr, terydr, afall, efyll, cadarn, cedyrn. But here the ancieiits, instead of^’, used ei, ereidr, peleidr, tereidr, cedeirn, ^ e, The word dafad makes defaid in theplurah Tu other words ending iu a with a consonant after it, the a itself, by talcing i, becomes tlie dipbthong ai, which is often writteii ei, as, giuyran, gwyrain, gwial, gwiail, llyffant, Uyffaint, orllyffeint, Ihjgad, llygaid, or Ihjgeid; so ymddifad, ehediad, gwylliad, hynaf, tywarch, tyiceirch. But bustach, is hustych in the plural. Words whicli have a in the penultima and e in the ultima, are sucli as follow ;— Cüstell, cestyli, asgell, esgyll, padelt, pedyll: so astell, tafell, angelfgradcll, mantell, mane'^, llawes, gwaell, ])1. gweyll, and frequently giceill, bacìigen, bechgyn, llan- nerch, llennyrch, wliieh niakes also llanneirch Gwae’r ieirch, mewn llcimeirch mae llai; Gwaeh ceirw ddwyn gwr a’i carai. lolo.

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