Observations relating to the transmission of sleeping sickness in Uganda, the distribution and bionomics of Glossina palpalis, and to clearing measures / by Aubrey D.P. Hodges.
- Hodges, Aubrey Dallas Percival, 1861-1946.
- Date:
- 1909
Licence: In copyright
Credit: Observations relating to the transmission of sleeping sickness in Uganda, the distribution and bionomics of Glossina palpalis, and to clearing measures / by Aubrey D.P. Hodges. Source: Wellcome Collection.
Provider: This material has been provided by The Royal College of Surgeons of England. The original may be consulted at The Royal College of Surgeons of England.
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![BY TSETSE FLIES OTHER THAN GZOSSINA PALP ALTS? The postponement of research on this point is to be regretted because it is by means of G. morsitans and 2^Alidipes that Sleeping Sickness would spread northwards, along the east bank of the Nile, into the Sudan, if unfortunately it should ever do so. It is also through species of tsetse other tlian palpcdis that Sleeping Sickness might spread to East and to South Africa. There is no evidence, however, that Sleeping Sickness spreads in regions where other species of tsetse exist apart from G. palpalis, nor that it spreads otherwise than in the usual manner or than in the usual localities or with more than ordinary rapidity where other species co-exist with G. palpalis. In a district of this kind which is known to me personally, viz., that comprising North Unyoro and the eastern half of the Nile valley as far north as the northern limit of G. palpalis, the process of the extension of the epidemic does not appear to point to the presence of any distinctive factor nor does it present any special characteristic. Except in the Magungu district of Northern Unyoro, which is almost the only part of it where G. p)alp>alis is the single species hitherto found, the spread of infection has been remarkably slow in the Lake Albert epidemic area, whilst between it and the Wadelai epidemic the cases are reported by the late Dr. Densham to be scattered, isolated and probably “ imported.” The distribution of the disease, though clearly connected with that of G. p>alx)alis, shows no relation to that of other species of tsetse. The same observations apply to the Wadelai epidemic, though G. pallidipes and morsita.ns are common within its area. Extension in both areas has been slow, compared with that in the Lake Victoria epidemic area, where G. palp)alis only is found. Other factors, such as greater population and more frequent intercommunication, no doubt account for a good deal, but each of the above epidemics (Lake Albert and Wadelai) lias, according to native report, existed for at least five years, and there is no traditional or demonstrable connection directly between these two or between them and the one on Lake Victoria. In the south part of the Lake Albert epidemic area and beyond it G. fusca is found, but neither does this species appear to influence the rapidity or the direction of the spread of infection. G. morsitans and p)<^Slidip)cs are found in increasing numbers north- wards to the Sudan border and no doubt beyond this. They are found at niany points along the Fajao-Gondokoro Road and even in the near vicinity of Gondokoro station, but no case of infection has been known to have occurred there from the imported cases which have from time to time found their way there along this road, nor has Sleeping Sickness become endemic anywhere beyond the limit of distribution of G. ixdpalis. [Note.] Having some familiarity with tlie subjects of those papers I have added foot- notes freely. I have not altered the extracts Irom my own Eeports more than seemed necessary, but have given explanations or more detail in the notes. Aetuuu G. Baqshawk. . January Qth, 1909, (15<3b) A](https://iiif.wellcomecollection.org/image/b2241972x_0005.jp2/full/800%2C/0/default.jpg)
