Pharmacographia : A history of the principal drugs of vegetable origin, met with in Great Britain and British India / by Friedrich A. Flückiger and Daniel Hanbury.

Friedrich August Flückiger

Date:: 1879

Credit: Pharmacographia : A history of the principal drugs of vegetable origin, met with in Great Britain and British India / by Friedrich A. Flückiger and Daniel Hanbury. Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine Library & Archives Service. The original may be consulted at London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine Library & Archives Service.

785/832 page 761

$Peres—See Pires. Periplus Maris Erythraei, a survey of the Red Sea and the Indian Ocean as far as tlie coast of Malabar. In his interesting account, written about between A.D. 54 and 68, the author, commonly called Arrian of Alexandria, gives a list of imports and exports of the various places which he had visited or of which he had good informations. See Vincent, Commerce and Naviga- tion of the Ancients, etc. London, vol. i. (1800), ii. (1805); also C. Midler, Geographi grseci minores, i. (Paris, 1855) 257-305. Anonymi {Arriani ut fertur) Periplus maris erythraei. See pages 35. 142. 272. 493. 520. 529. 577. 599. 664. 675. 680. 715. Physicians of Myddvai (Meddygon Myddfai). Rhys Gryg {i.e. the Hoarse), prince of South Wales (died in 1233 at Llandeilo Vawr), had his domestic physician, namely Rhiwallon, who was assisted by his three sons Cadwgan, Gruftydd, Einion, from a place called Myddvai, in the present county of Caermarthen. They made a collection of recipes, the original manuscript of which is in the British Museum. Another collection has been compiled, from the original sources, by Howel the Physician, son of Rhys, son of Llewelyn, son of Philip the Physician, a lineal descendant of Einion, the son of Rhiwallon. Both these compilations have been published at Llandovery in 1861, together with a translation, by John Pughe, under the above title (470 pp.) See pages 6. 40. 65. 71. 141. 157. 161. 170. 180. 299. 305. 310. 316. 334. 380. 383. 393. 401. 450. 464. 469. 476. 488. 556. 625. 635. 642. 652. Pires, Tom6 (or Pyres, Pirez, as he also writes his name himself), a Portuguese apothecary. He was the first ambassador sent, probably in 1511, from Europe, or at least from Portugal, to China. Pires addressed, in 1512- 151G, several letters from Cochin and Malacca to the Admiral Alfonso dAlbu- querque and to King Manuel of Portugal. One of them, written January 27, 1516, from Cochin to the King, enumerates many drugs which were to be met with in that place— dando 1-lhe noticias das drogas da India, says the writer. This letter, still existing in the Real y Nacional Archivo da Torre do Tombo (corpo chronologico, part i. fasc. 19, No. 102), was communicated in 1838 by Bishop Condo Don Francisco de San Luiz to the Portuguese Pharmaceutical Society, and published in their Jornal de Socied. Pharm. Lusit. ii. (1838) 36. It will also be found in the pamphlet^ Elogio historico e noticia completa de Thom6 Pires, pharmaceutico e primeiro natu'-alista da India; e o primeiro embaixador europeo a China. Memoria publicada na Gazeta de Pharmacia por Pedro Jos6 da Silva. . . . Lisboa, 1866. 47 pp. ( y 22 fac simile de sua signatura). We had, moreover, before us an authentic copy of the letter under notice, obligingly written 1st December, 1869, for one of us by Senhor Joaquim Urbano de Veiga, the Secretary of the Sociedad Pharmaceutica Lusitana. According to Colmeiro, La Botdnica y los Botdnicos de la Peninsula Hispano-Lusitana, Madrid, 1858. 148, Peres was attached to the factory of Malacca as a scribano (secretary]) and por tener conocimientos farmaceuticos, and was sent to China, with the character of an ambassador, in order to examine more freely the plants. He was im- prisoned, says Colmeiro, at Pekin, and there died soon after 1521 in prison. Yet Abel Remusat, in the 34th volume of the Biographic universelle (1823), p. 498, and also in his Nouveaux melanges asiatiques ii. (1828) 203, states that Pires proceeded first to Canton, and reached Pekin in 1521. From this place he was sent to Canton and imprisoned for many years from political causes. He was still living in 1543. See pages 43. 255. 681. ^ Library of tlie Pharm. Soc. of Great Britain, Loudon, among the Pamphlets, No. 30 (Sept. 1878).$