Guide to the galleries of mammalia (mammalian, osteological, cetacean) in the Department of Zoology of the British Museum (Natural History).
- British Museum (Natural History). Department of Zoology.
- Date:
- 1892
Licence: Public Domain Mark
Credit: Guide to the galleries of mammalia (mammalian, osteological, cetacean) in the Department of Zoology of the British Museum (Natural History). Source: Wellcome Collection.
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![[Case 14.] The Pigs, which occuj)y Case 14, have long narrow skulls, tuherculated molars, large curved canines, and four-toed feet, the bones ot all the toes being separate, and not united to form a cannon bone. The dental formula of the Common Pig is I. C. Pm. M. I X 2 = 44, giving the same number and distri- bution of teeth as in the majority of Mammals of the earlier Tertiary periods, but which is now found only in the genus Stis and two genera of Insectivora. Skeletons are exhibited of a ’Wild Boar {Siis scrofa), Wart-hog {Phacochosrus), and Peccary [Dicotyles) ; and skulls, among others, of the Pygmy Hog [Sus salvanius), Babirusa (B. alfurus), and River-Hogs [Potamochcerus). There is also (Div. F) an interesting series of upper jaws of Wart-Hogs, showing the variation they present in the presence or absence of the small upper incisor teeth. The Ruminant Artiodactyles have molar teeth with crescentic ridges. Their division into the Tylopoda, Tragulina, and Pecora has been already noted, p. 40. The Tylopoda, or Camel tribe, differ from the other Ruminants in the presence of a pair of small incisor teeth in the upper jaw, in the absolute suppression of the outer toes, and in their having no horns in either sex. The Camels are represented in Case 15 by a skeleton of the Dromedary or one-humped species [Camelus dromedarius) and by skulls both of that species and of the true or two-humped Camel (C. bactrianiis). Of the Llamas, there is a skeleton of the Llama (Lama ylama), which shows the close affinity of these animals to the Camels, the skeleton and skull being merely smaller forms of the same type. [Case 15.] The Trayulina (Div. E), containing the Common and Water Chevrotains, are distinguished by the long canine teeth of the males, by the shape of the odontoid process of the second vertebra, which is conical, by the presence of four complete digits to all the feet, all the bones of the leg being likewise fully de- veloped, and by the spongy structure of the auditory bullae. The Pecora are characterized osteologically by the development of horns in the majority of the sj)ecies, at least in the male sex, by the total absence of upper incisors, by their crescent-shaped odontoid processes, rudimentary or absent outer digits, incomplete fibulae, and simple inflated auditory bullae.](https://iiif.wellcomecollection.org/image/b28122574_0104.jp2/full/800%2C/0/default.jpg)
