On the myology of Hyrax capensis / by James Murie and St. George J. Mivart.

  • Murie, James.
Date:
[1865]
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: On the myology of Hyrax capensis / by James Murie and St. George J. Mivart. Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by The Royal College of Surgeons of England. The original may be consulted at The Royal College of Surgeons of England.

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    The scalenus anticus is strong, though small, extending from the transverse processes of the 5th, 6th, and 7th cervical vertebrae to the first rib. A slip of this muscle descends in front of the thorax as far almost as the cartilage of the third rib. This is not noticed by Meckel *. The scalenus posticus is very long and flattened, proceeding from the 3rd, 4th, and 5th ribs, and being inserted into the transverse processes of the 4 th, 5th, and 6th cervical vertebrae. Meckel f gives but one insertion, namely, into the 5th cervical vertebra. There is no third scalenus. The splenitis capitis and splenitis colli arise in common from the spinous processes of about the 4th, 5th, and 6th dorsal vertebrae, and proceed upwards and outwards, the first being inserted into the occiput, the second into the transverse process of the atlas, as men- tioned by Meckel J. The complexus major is large, and separable at its origin into several slips. It has origin from the transverse processes of the ver- tebrae, from the axis to sixth dorsal, and is inserted into the occiput internal to the splenius. It is in close apposition, vertically, to its fellow of the opposite side (like the leaves of a book), no strongly developed ligamentum nuchas intervening. The complexus minor is smaller, and is found to arise from lowest cervical and first two dorsal vertebrae, and to be inserted into the oc- ciput between the splenius capitis and complexus major, immediately below the former. Like the complexus major, it is separable below into several slips ; but these are united by fasciae. The complexus tertius arises from the zygapophyses of the two first dorsal vertebrae, and continues upwards to the transverse pro- cess of the atlas, being attached also to the zygapophyses of the inter- vening cervical vertebrae. This muscle is very distinct, lying between the last and the trans- versalis cervicis; yet it has not, as far as we know, received a sepa- rate name. Meckel § describes it as the transversalis cervicis ; but this it cannot be, as the transversalis cervicis is always the continua- tion into the neck of the longissimus dorsi, whereas our muscle lies distinctly internal to such continuation. Both Quaiu and Ellis || are * Loc. cit. p. 260. t Loc. cit. p. 156. J Loc. cit. p. 140. § Loc. cit. p. 147. He describes the true transversalis cervicis as the cervicalis ascendent,: || ' Demonstrations of Anatomy,' 5th edition, page 427. The author, in a foot- note, says, The anatomy of the prolongation from the longissimus might be sim- plified by describing it as the transversalis muscle with a double insertion, like the splenius, into the head and neck— transversalis capitis, transversalis colli. These muscles, we think, may, however, be better tabulated as follows :<- Sacro-lumbalis Cervicalis ascendens. Longissimus dorsi Transversalis cervicis. Complexus tertius. Complexus minor. Complexus major. The transversalis cervicis is the transversalis colli of Ellis. The complexus minor is his transversalis capitis, also the trachelo-mastoid of many authors. [5]