Diseases of the ear in children / by Anton von Troeltsch ; translated by J. Orne Green, from Gerhardt's Handbuch der Kinderkrankheiten.

  • Anton von Troeltsch
Date:
1882
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: Diseases of the ear in children / by Anton von Troeltsch ; translated by J. Orne Green, from Gerhardt's Handbuch der Kinderkrankheiten. Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by the Francis A. Countway Library of Medicine, through the Medical Heritage Library. The original may be consulted at the Francis A. Countway Library of Medicine, Harvard Medical School.

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    CONGENITAL MALFORMATIONS. 2] heilk., 1875, X., p. 119.—M o 1 d e n hau e r , Das Verhalten der Paukenh. beim Fötus und Neugeborenen und die Verwendbarkeit der Ohrenprobe für die gerichtliche Medizin. Arch, der Heilk , XVII., 1876, p. 498. Congenital malformations of various kinds have been very often observed in the tympanum. Of these should be mentioned abnormal smallness of the cav- ity, absence of the cochlear or vestibular fenestra, or con- traction of one or the other by bony tissue. The ossicles sometimes are wanting wholly or in part; more com- monly, however, they are abnormally large, or small, or misshapen. The stapes most frequently shows variations from the normal; the two crura may be fused in one, like the columella in birds, or they may be united by a solid mass of bone, so that the stapes resembles a small pyramid, or between the crura there may be a delicate, sometimes perforated plate of bone ; in other cases, the crura do not meet at the head, but one stands out free, or one may not reach the base of the bone, or one may be entirely wanting. Absence of the base of the stapes has been observed where the crura united together in the form of a loop without touching the fenestra ovalis. Other cases have been described of congenital separa- tion of the different ossicles, and, on the other hand also, of immovable union of these bones or of anchylosis of their joints. Most of these congenital abnormities are more common in monstrosities, and more frequently asso- ciated with malformations of the external ear than without them. Absence or closure of the Eustachian tube is described by authors as more common than the few very rare cases which have been thoroughly described justify us in assum- ing. In regard to the mastoid process, it does not exist in the child as a rounded prominence behind the auricle, but in early life this spot is perfectly flat, and contains only a finely porous, osseous tissue; this gradually curves outwards, and the pneumatic cells, which form the mas-