Regulatory proteins and peptides that are signaling molecules involved in the process of PARACRINE COMMUNICATION. They are generally considered factors that are expressed by one cell and are responded to by receptors on another nearby cell. They are distinguished from HORMONES in that their actions are local rather than distal.
    

concept

Bone morphogenic protein 2 (BMP2)

Human insulin-like growth factor II,mol.mode

sensory neuron from an adult DRG

Human insulin-like growth factor 1,mol.model

Placental growth factor

sensory neurons from an adult DRG

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Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins

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Human insulin-like growth factor 1,mol.model

Placental growth factor

sensory neurons from an adult DRG

sensory neuron from an adult DRG

Human insulin-like growth factor 1,mol.model