Alternatives to the use of animals in research, testing, and education. The alternatives may include reduction in the number of animals used, replacement of animals with a non-animal model or with animals of a species lower phylogenetically, or refinement of methods to minimize pain and distress of animals used.
    

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NC3Rs funding schemes / NC3Rs.

Acute toxicity testing of chemicals : opportunities to avoid redundant testing and use alternative approaches / NC3Rs.

How much animal research is done in the UK? / Understanding Animal Research.

Alternative testing strategies : replacing, reducing and refining use of animals in research / edited by Charles Kessler.

The right to hope.

Animal research has benefits for us all- and for animals too / Understanding Animal Research.

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Animal Use Alternatives

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Alternative testing strategies : replacing, reducing and refining use of animals in research / edited by Charles Kessler.

How much animal research is done in the UK? / Understanding Animal Research.

The right to hope.

Animal research has benefits for us all- and for animals too / Understanding Animal Research.

NC3Rs funding schemes / NC3Rs.