French military leader, French Emperor 1804–1814 and again in 1815

concept

Five doctors discussing their patient, Napoleon: one of the physicians is examining his rear end. Coloured etching, 1803.

Napoleon Bonaparte touching the bubo of a plague victim at Jaffa in 1799. Coloured wood engraving by Thiébault.

The last moments of Napoleon Bonaparte at St Helena, 1821. Engraving by Bovinet and Couché after Gudin.

The ashes of Napoleon Bonaparte arriving by ship on French soil. Lithograph by V. Adam.

Napoleon climbing a headless skeleton trying to reach an unattainable crown; representing his imperial ambitions for France and his own for sovereignty. Coloured etching, 1803.

Britannia as a patient who is in danger of death owing to disagreement between her three doctors over their competing remedies; representing the weakness of Britain during the replacement of Addington by Pitt as Prime Minister and the exclusion of Fox. Coloured etching by J. Gillray, 1804.

The rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. / Robert B. Asprey.

Letter from Moreau to Bonaparte : Les nouvelles à la main, Ventose an. 12, no. 2, or Paris, March 19, 1804, contains what follows.

Was George Washington really the father of our country? : a clinical geneticist looks at world history / Robert Marion.

Nel faustissimo ingresso in Pavia dell'imperador Napoleone Bonaparte I re d'Italia / [Domenico Pertusi].

Napoleonic miscellany

Napoleonic documents

Proclamation ... à ses nouveaux sujets. Constitution de l'Île d'Elbe / Traduction littérale de ces deux pièce officielles, imprimées en langue italienne à Livourne.

Description de l'Egypte / publiée par les ordres de Napoléon Bonaparte ; [conception and text, Gilles Néret ; English translation, Chris Miller ; German translation, Bettina Blumenberg].

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Napoleon I, Emperor of the French, 1769-1821

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Nel faustissimo ingresso in Pavia dell'imperador Napoleone Bonaparte I re d'Italia / [Domenico Pertusi].

Napoleonic miscellany

Napoleonic documents

Proclamation ... à ses nouveaux sujets. Constitution de l'Île d'Elbe / Traduction littérale de ces deux pièce officielles, imprimées en langue italienne à Livourne.

Description de l'Egypte / publiée par les ordres de Napoléon Bonaparte ; [conception and text, Gilles Néret ; English translation, Chris Miller ; German translation, Bettina Blumenberg].