Synod of the Catholic church (1869–1870)

First Vatican Council, 1869-1870: Pope Pius IX leading his cardinals across a plank of wood placed on the ice, watched by Mr Punch. Wood engraving by Swain after J. Tenniel, 1869.

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First Vatican Council

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First Vatican Council, 1869-1870: Pope Pius IX leading his cardinals across a plank of wood placed on the ice, watched by Mr Punch. Wood engraving by Swain after J. Tenniel, 1869.