concept

Genetics frame of reference - the size of various genetic components, including DNA, a base pair, various sizes of deletions, chromosomes and genes are listed and compared with more familiar objects such as the Solar System, planets, cities, hospitals, wards, and so on.

Duchenne muscular dystrophy - normal female, chromosomes have been highlighted by a fluorescent probe for exon 45/47 (note the double yellow band). This disorder is caused by a recessive gene on the X chromosome, so is normally shown only by males, who lack a second X chromosome. The condition starts with difficulty in walking and climbing stairs in early childhood, usually resulting in confinement to a wheelchair by the age of 10, with death from respiratory infection or cardiac failure by about the age of 20.

Nerve in skeletal muscle, showing dystrophin location

Duchenne muscular dystrophy carrier female

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Duchenne muscular dystrophy

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Nerve in skeletal muscle, showing dystrophin location

Duchenne muscular dystrophy carrier female

Genetics frame of reference - the size of various genetic components, including DNA, a base pair, various sizes of deletions, chromosomes and genes are listed and compared with more familiar objects such as the Solar System, planets, cities, hospitals, wards, and so on.